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Type | Label | Description |
---|---|---|
Statement | ||
Theorem | prjspersym 39601* | The relation in ℙ𝕣𝕠𝕛 is symmetric. (Contributed by Steven Nguyen, 1-May-2023.) |
⊢ ∼ = {〈𝑥, 𝑦〉 ∣ ((𝑥 ∈ 𝐵 ∧ 𝑦 ∈ 𝐵) ∧ ∃𝑙 ∈ 𝐾 𝑥 = (𝑙 · 𝑦))} & ⊢ 𝐵 = ((Base‘𝑉) ∖ {(0g‘𝑉)}) & ⊢ 𝑆 = (Scalar‘𝑉) & ⊢ · = ( ·𝑠 ‘𝑉) & ⊢ 𝐾 = (Base‘𝑆) ⇒ ⊢ ((𝑉 ∈ LVec ∧ 𝑋 ∼ 𝑌) → 𝑌 ∼ 𝑋) | ||
Theorem | prjsper 39602* | The relation in ℙ𝕣𝕠𝕛 is an equivalence relation. (Contributed by Steven Nguyen, 1-May-2023.) |
⊢ ∼ = {〈𝑥, 𝑦〉 ∣ ((𝑥 ∈ 𝐵 ∧ 𝑦 ∈ 𝐵) ∧ ∃𝑙 ∈ 𝐾 𝑥 = (𝑙 · 𝑦))} & ⊢ 𝐵 = ((Base‘𝑉) ∖ {(0g‘𝑉)}) & ⊢ 𝑆 = (Scalar‘𝑉) & ⊢ · = ( ·𝑠 ‘𝑉) & ⊢ 𝐾 = (Base‘𝑆) ⇒ ⊢ (𝑉 ∈ LVec → ∼ Er 𝐵) | ||
Theorem | prjspreln0 39603* | Two nonzero vectors are equivalent by a nonzero scalar. (Contributed by Steven Nguyen, 31-May-2023.) |
⊢ ∼ = {〈𝑥, 𝑦〉 ∣ ((𝑥 ∈ 𝐵 ∧ 𝑦 ∈ 𝐵) ∧ ∃𝑙 ∈ 𝐾 𝑥 = (𝑙 · 𝑦))} & ⊢ 𝐵 = ((Base‘𝑉) ∖ {(0g‘𝑉)}) & ⊢ 𝑆 = (Scalar‘𝑉) & ⊢ · = ( ·𝑠 ‘𝑉) & ⊢ 𝐾 = (Base‘𝑆) & ⊢ 0 = (0g‘𝑆) ⇒ ⊢ (𝑉 ∈ LVec → (𝑋 ∼ 𝑌 ↔ ((𝑋 ∈ 𝐵 ∧ 𝑌 ∈ 𝐵) ∧ ∃𝑚 ∈ (𝐾 ∖ { 0 })𝑋 = (𝑚 · 𝑌)))) | ||
Theorem | prjspvs 39604* | A nonzero multiple of a vector is equivalent to the vector. (Contributed by Steven Nguyen, 6-Jun-2023.) |
⊢ ∼ = {〈𝑥, 𝑦〉 ∣ ((𝑥 ∈ 𝐵 ∧ 𝑦 ∈ 𝐵) ∧ ∃𝑙 ∈ 𝐾 𝑥 = (𝑙 · 𝑦))} & ⊢ 𝐵 = ((Base‘𝑉) ∖ {(0g‘𝑉)}) & ⊢ 𝑆 = (Scalar‘𝑉) & ⊢ · = ( ·𝑠 ‘𝑉) & ⊢ 𝐾 = (Base‘𝑆) & ⊢ 0 = (0g‘𝑆) ⇒ ⊢ ((𝑉 ∈ LVec ∧ 𝑋 ∈ 𝐵 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ (𝐾 ∖ { 0 })) → (𝑁 · 𝑋) ∼ 𝑋) | ||
Theorem | prjsprellsp 39605* | Two vectors are equivalent iff their spans are equal. (Contributed by Steven Nguyen, 31-May-2023.) |
⊢ ∼ = {〈𝑥, 𝑦〉 ∣ ((𝑥 ∈ 𝐵 ∧ 𝑦 ∈ 𝐵) ∧ ∃𝑙 ∈ 𝐾 𝑥 = (𝑙 · 𝑦))} & ⊢ 𝐵 = ((Base‘𝑉) ∖ {(0g‘𝑉)}) & ⊢ 𝑆 = (Scalar‘𝑉) & ⊢ · = ( ·𝑠 ‘𝑉) & ⊢ 𝐾 = (Base‘𝑆) & ⊢ 𝑁 = (LSpan‘𝑉) ⇒ ⊢ ((𝑉 ∈ LVec ∧ (𝑋 ∈ 𝐵 ∧ 𝑌 ∈ 𝐵)) → (𝑋 ∼ 𝑌 ↔ (𝑁‘{𝑋}) = (𝑁‘{𝑌}))) | ||
Theorem | prjspeclsp 39606* | The vectors equivalent to a vector 𝑋 are the nonzero vectors in the span of 𝑋. (Contributed by Steven Nguyen, 6-Jun-2023.) |
⊢ ∼ = {〈𝑥, 𝑦〉 ∣ ((𝑥 ∈ 𝐵 ∧ 𝑦 ∈ 𝐵) ∧ ∃𝑙 ∈ 𝐾 𝑥 = (𝑙 · 𝑦))} & ⊢ 𝐵 = ((Base‘𝑉) ∖ {(0g‘𝑉)}) & ⊢ 𝑆 = (Scalar‘𝑉) & ⊢ · = ( ·𝑠 ‘𝑉) & ⊢ 𝐾 = (Base‘𝑆) & ⊢ 𝑁 = (LSpan‘𝑉) ⇒ ⊢ ((𝑉 ∈ LVec ∧ 𝑋 ∈ 𝐵) → [𝑋] ∼ = ((𝑁‘{𝑋}) ∖ {(0g‘𝑉)})) | ||
Theorem | prjspval2 39607* | Alternate definition of projective space. (Contributed by Steven Nguyen, 7-Jun-2023.) |
⊢ 0 = (0g‘𝑉) & ⊢ 𝐵 = ((Base‘𝑉) ∖ { 0 }) & ⊢ 𝑁 = (LSpan‘𝑉) ⇒ ⊢ (𝑉 ∈ LVec → (ℙ𝕣𝕠𝕛‘𝑉) = ∪ 𝑧 ∈ 𝐵 {((𝑁‘{𝑧}) ∖ { 0 })}) | ||
Syntax | cprjspn 39608 | Extend class notation with the n-dimensional projective space function. |
class ℙ𝕣𝕠𝕛n | ||
Definition | df-prjspn 39609* | Define the n-dimensional projective space function. A projective space of dimension 1 is a projective line, and a projective space of dimension 2 is a projective plane. Compare df-ehl 23990. This space is considered n-dimensional because the vector space (𝑘 freeLMod (0...𝑛)) is (n+1)-dimensional and the ℙ𝕣𝕠𝕛 function returns equivalence classes with respect to a linear (1-dimensional) relation. (Contributed by BJ and Steven Nguyen, 29-Apr-2023.) |
⊢ ℙ𝕣𝕠𝕛n = (𝑛 ∈ ℕ0, 𝑘 ∈ DivRing ↦ (ℙ𝕣𝕠𝕛‘(𝑘 freeLMod (0...𝑛)))) | ||
Theorem | prjspnval 39610 | Value of the n-dimensional projective space function. (Contributed by Steven Nguyen, 1-May-2023.) |
⊢ ((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0 ∧ 𝐾 ∈ DivRing) → (𝑁ℙ𝕣𝕠𝕛n𝐾) = (ℙ𝕣𝕠𝕛‘(𝐾 freeLMod (0...𝑁)))) | ||
Theorem | prjspnval2 39611* | Value of the n-dimensional projective space function, expanded. (Contributed by Steven Nguyen, 15-Jul-2023.) |
⊢ ∼ = {〈𝑥, 𝑦〉 ∣ ((𝑥 ∈ 𝐵 ∧ 𝑦 ∈ 𝐵) ∧ ∃𝑙 ∈ 𝑆 𝑥 = (𝑙 · 𝑦))} & ⊢ 𝑊 = (𝐾 freeLMod (0...𝑁)) & ⊢ 𝐵 = ((Base‘𝑊) ∖ {(0g‘𝑊)}) & ⊢ 𝑆 = (Base‘𝐾) & ⊢ · = ( ·𝑠 ‘𝑊) ⇒ ⊢ ((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0 ∧ 𝐾 ∈ DivRing) → (𝑁ℙ𝕣𝕠𝕛n𝐾) = (𝐵 / ∼ )) | ||
Theorem | 0prjspnlem 39612 | Lemma for 0prjspn 39614. The given unit vector is a nonzero vector. (Contributed by Steven Nguyen, 16-Jul-2023.) |
⊢ 𝐵 = ((Base‘𝑊) ∖ {(0g‘𝑊)}) & ⊢ 𝑊 = (𝐾 freeLMod (0...0)) & ⊢ 1 = ((𝐾 unitVec (0...0))‘0) ⇒ ⊢ (𝐾 ∈ DivRing → 1 ∈ 𝐵) | ||
Theorem | 0prjspnrel 39613* | In the zero-dimensional projective space, all vectors are equivalent to the unit vector. (Contributed by Steven Nguyen, 7-Jun-2023.) |
⊢ ∼ = {〈𝑥, 𝑦〉 ∣ ((𝑥 ∈ 𝐵 ∧ 𝑦 ∈ 𝐵) ∧ ∃𝑙 ∈ 𝑆 𝑥 = (𝑙 · 𝑦))} & ⊢ 𝐵 = ((Base‘𝑊) ∖ {(0g‘𝑊)}) & ⊢ · = ( ·𝑠 ‘𝑊) & ⊢ 𝑆 = (Base‘𝐾) & ⊢ 𝑊 = (𝐾 freeLMod (0...0)) & ⊢ 1 = ((𝐾 unitVec (0...0))‘0) ⇒ ⊢ ((𝐾 ∈ DivRing ∧ 𝑋 ∈ 𝐵) → 𝑋 ∼ 1 ) | ||
Theorem | 0prjspn 39614 | A zero-dimensional projective space has only 1 point. (Contributed by Steven Nguyen, 9-Jun-2023.) |
⊢ 𝑊 = (𝐾 freeLMod (0...0)) & ⊢ 𝐵 = ((Base‘𝑊) ∖ {(0g‘𝑊)}) ⇒ ⊢ (𝐾 ∈ DivRing → (0ℙ𝕣𝕠𝕛n𝐾) = {𝐵}) | ||
Theorem | dffltz 39615* | Fermat's Last Theorem (FLT) for nonzero integers is equivalent to the original scope of natural numbers. The backwards direction takes (𝑎↑𝑛) + (𝑏↑𝑛) = (𝑐↑𝑛), and adds the negative of any negative term to both sides, thus creating the corresponding equation with only positive integers. There are six combinations of negativity, so the proof is particularly long. (Contributed by Steven Nguyen, 27-Feb-2023.) |
⊢ (∀𝑛 ∈ (ℤ≥‘3)∀𝑥 ∈ ℕ ∀𝑦 ∈ ℕ ∀𝑧 ∈ ℕ ((𝑥↑𝑛) + (𝑦↑𝑛)) ≠ (𝑧↑𝑛) ↔ ∀𝑛 ∈ (ℤ≥‘3)∀𝑎 ∈ (ℤ ∖ {0})∀𝑏 ∈ (ℤ ∖ {0})∀𝑐 ∈ (ℤ ∖ {0})((𝑎↑𝑛) + (𝑏↑𝑛)) ≠ (𝑐↑𝑛)) | ||
Theorem | fltne 39616 | If a counterexample to FLT exists, its addends are not equal. (Contributed by Steven Nguyen, 1-Jun-2023.) |
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ ℕ) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ∈ ℕ) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ ℕ) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑁 ∈ (ℤ≥‘3)) & ⊢ (𝜑 → ((𝐴↑𝑁) + (𝐵↑𝑁)) = (𝐶↑𝑁)) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ≠ 𝐵) | ||
Theorem | fltltc 39617 | (𝐶↑𝑁) is the largest term and therefore 𝐵 < 𝐶. (Contributed by Steven Nguyen, 22-Aug-2023.) |
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ ℕ) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ∈ ℕ) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ ℕ) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑁 ∈ (ℤ≥‘3)) & ⊢ (𝜑 → ((𝐴↑𝑁) + (𝐵↑𝑁)) = (𝐶↑𝑁)) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 < 𝐶) | ||
Theorem | fltnltalem 39618 | Lemma for fltnlta 39619. A lower bound for 𝐴 based on pwdif 15215. (Contributed by Steven Nguyen, 22-Aug-2023.) |
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ ℕ) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ∈ ℕ) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ ℕ) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑁 ∈ (ℤ≥‘3)) & ⊢ (𝜑 → ((𝐴↑𝑁) + (𝐵↑𝑁)) = (𝐶↑𝑁)) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → ((𝐶 − 𝐵) · ((𝐶↑(𝑁 − 1)) + ((𝑁 − 1) · (𝐵↑(𝑁 − 1))))) < (𝐴↑𝑁)) | ||
Theorem | fltnlta 39619 | 𝑁 is less than 𝐴. See https://www.youtu.be/EymVXkPWxyc for an outline. (Contributed by Steven Nguyen, 24-Aug-2023.) |
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ ℕ) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ∈ ℕ) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ ℕ) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑁 ∈ (ℤ≥‘3)) & ⊢ (𝜑 → ((𝐴↑𝑁) + (𝐵↑𝑁)) = (𝐶↑𝑁)) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 < 𝐵) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑁 < 𝐴) | ||
Theorem | binom2d 39620 | Deduction form of binom2. (Contributed by Igor Ieskov, 14-Dec-2023.) |
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ ℂ) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ∈ ℂ) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → ((𝐴 + 𝐵)↑2) = (((𝐴↑2) + (2 · (𝐴 · 𝐵))) + (𝐵↑2))) | ||
Theorem | cu3addd 39621 | Cube of sum of three numbers. (Contributed by Igor Ieskov, 14-Dec-2023.) |
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ ℂ) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ∈ ℂ) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ ℂ) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → (((𝐴 + 𝐵) + 𝐶)↑3) = (((((𝐴↑3) + (3 · ((𝐴↑2) · 𝐵))) + ((3 · (𝐴 · (𝐵↑2))) + (𝐵↑3))) + (((3 · ((𝐴↑2) · 𝐶)) + (((3 · 2) · (𝐴 · 𝐵)) · 𝐶)) + (3 · ((𝐵↑2) · 𝐶)))) + (((3 · (𝐴 · (𝐶↑2))) + (3 · (𝐵 · (𝐶↑2)))) + (𝐶↑3)))) | ||
Theorem | sqnegd 39622 | The square of the negative of a number. (Contributed by Igor Ieskov, 21-Jan-2024.) |
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ ℂ) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → (-𝐴↑2) = (𝐴↑2)) | ||
Theorem | negexpidd 39623 | The sum of a real number to the power of N and the negative of the number to the power of N equals zero if N is a nonnegative odd integer. (Contributed by Igor Ieskov, 21-Jan-2024.) |
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ ℝ) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑁 ∈ ℕ0) & ⊢ (𝜑 → ¬ 2 ∥ 𝑁) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → ((𝐴↑𝑁) + (-𝐴↑𝑁)) = 0) | ||
Theorem | rexlimdv3d 39624* | An extended version of rexlimdvv 3252 to include three set variables. (Contributed by Igor Ieskov, 21-Jan-2024.) |
⊢ (𝜑 → ((𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ∧ 𝑦 ∈ 𝐵 ∧ 𝑧 ∈ 𝐶) → (𝜓 → 𝜒))) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → (∃𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ∃𝑦 ∈ 𝐵 ∃𝑧 ∈ 𝐶 𝜓 → 𝜒)) | ||
Theorem | 3cubeslem1 39625 | Lemma for 3cubes 39631. (Contributed by Igor Ieskov, 22-Jan-2024.) |
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ ℚ) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → 0 < (((𝐴 + 1)↑2) − 𝐴)) | ||
Theorem | 3cubeslem2 39626 | Lemma for 3cubes 39631. Used to show that the denominators in 3cubeslem4 39630 are nonzero. (Contributed by Igor Ieskov, 22-Jan-2024.) |
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ ℚ) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → ¬ ((((3↑3) · (𝐴↑2)) + ((3↑2) · 𝐴)) + 3) = 0) | ||
Theorem | 3cubeslem3l 39627 | Lemma for 3cubes 39631. (Contributed by Igor Ieskov, 22-Jan-2024.) |
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ ℚ) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐴 · (((((3↑3) · (𝐴↑2)) + ((3↑2) · 𝐴)) + 3)↑3)) = (((𝐴↑7) · (3↑9)) + (((𝐴↑6) · (3↑9)) + (((𝐴↑5) · ((3↑8) + (3↑8))) + (((𝐴↑4) · (((3↑7) · 2) + (3↑6))) + (((𝐴↑3) · ((3↑6) + (3↑6))) + (((𝐴↑2) · (3↑5)) + (𝐴 · (3↑3))))))))) | ||
Theorem | 3cubeslem3r 39628 | Lemma for 3cubes 39631. (Contributed by Igor Ieskov, 22-Jan-2024.) |
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ ℚ) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → ((((((3↑3) · (𝐴↑3)) − 1)↑3) + (((-((3↑3) · (𝐴↑3)) + ((3↑2) · 𝐴)) + 1)↑3)) + ((((3↑3) · (𝐴↑2)) + ((3↑2) · 𝐴))↑3)) = (((𝐴↑7) · (3↑9)) + (((𝐴↑6) · (3↑9)) + (((𝐴↑5) · ((3↑8) + (3↑8))) + (((𝐴↑4) · (((3↑7) · 2) + (3↑6))) + (((𝐴↑3) · ((3↑6) + (3↑6))) + (((𝐴↑2) · (3↑5)) + (𝐴 · (3↑3))))))))) | ||
Theorem | 3cubeslem3 39629 | Lemma for 3cubes 39631. (Contributed by Igor Ieskov, 22-Jan-2024.) |
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ ℚ) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐴 · (((((3↑3) · (𝐴↑2)) + ((3↑2) · 𝐴)) + 3)↑3)) = ((((((3↑3) · (𝐴↑3)) − 1)↑3) + (((-((3↑3) · (𝐴↑3)) + ((3↑2) · 𝐴)) + 1)↑3)) + ((((3↑3) · (𝐴↑2)) + ((3↑2) · 𝐴))↑3))) | ||
Theorem | 3cubeslem4 39630 | Lemma for 3cubes 39631. This is Ryley's explicit formula for decomposing a rational 𝐴 into a sum of three rational cubes. (Contributed by Igor Ieskov, 22-Jan-2024.) |
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ ℚ) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 = (((((((3↑3) · (𝐴↑3)) − 1) / ((((3↑3) · (𝐴↑2)) + ((3↑2) · 𝐴)) + 3))↑3) + ((((-((3↑3) · (𝐴↑3)) + ((3↑2) · 𝐴)) + 1) / ((((3↑3) · (𝐴↑2)) + ((3↑2) · 𝐴)) + 3))↑3)) + (((((3↑3) · (𝐴↑2)) + ((3↑2) · 𝐴)) / ((((3↑3) · (𝐴↑2)) + ((3↑2) · 𝐴)) + 3))↑3))) | ||
Theorem | 3cubes 39631* | Every rational number is a sum of three rational cubes. See S. Ryley, The Ladies' Diary 122 (1825), 35. (Contributed by Igor Ieskov, 22-Jan-2024.) |
⊢ (𝐴 ∈ ℚ ↔ ∃𝑎 ∈ ℚ ∃𝑏 ∈ ℚ ∃𝑐 ∈ ℚ 𝐴 = (((𝑎↑3) + (𝑏↑3)) + (𝑐↑3))) | ||
Theorem | rntrclfvOAI 39632 | The range of the transitive closure is equal to the range of the relation. (Contributed by OpenAI, 7-Jul-2020.) |
⊢ (𝑅 ∈ 𝑉 → ran (t+‘𝑅) = ran 𝑅) | ||
Theorem | moxfr 39633* | Transfer at-most-one between related expressions. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 12-Feb-2015.) |
⊢ 𝐴 ∈ V & ⊢ ∃!𝑦 𝑥 = 𝐴 & ⊢ (𝑥 = 𝐴 → (𝜑 ↔ 𝜓)) ⇒ ⊢ (∃*𝑥𝜑 ↔ ∃*𝑦𝜓) | ||
Theorem | imaiinfv 39634* | Indexed intersection of an image. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 22-Feb-2015.) |
⊢ ((𝐹 Fn 𝐴 ∧ 𝐵 ⊆ 𝐴) → ∩ 𝑥 ∈ 𝐵 (𝐹‘𝑥) = ∩ (𝐹 “ 𝐵)) | ||
Theorem | elrfi 39635* | Elementhood in a set of relative finite intersections. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 22-Feb-2015.) |
⊢ ((𝐵 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐶 ⊆ 𝒫 𝐵) → (𝐴 ∈ (fi‘({𝐵} ∪ 𝐶)) ↔ ∃𝑣 ∈ (𝒫 𝐶 ∩ Fin)𝐴 = (𝐵 ∩ ∩ 𝑣))) | ||
Theorem | elrfirn 39636* | Elementhood in a set of relative finite intersections of an indexed family of sets. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 22-Feb-2015.) |
⊢ ((𝐵 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐹:𝐼⟶𝒫 𝐵) → (𝐴 ∈ (fi‘({𝐵} ∪ ran 𝐹)) ↔ ∃𝑣 ∈ (𝒫 𝐼 ∩ Fin)𝐴 = (𝐵 ∩ ∩ 𝑦 ∈ 𝑣 (𝐹‘𝑦)))) | ||
Theorem | elrfirn2 39637* | Elementhood in a set of relative finite intersections of an indexed family of sets (implicit). (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 22-Feb-2015.) |
⊢ ((𝐵 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝐼 𝐶 ⊆ 𝐵) → (𝐴 ∈ (fi‘({𝐵} ∪ ran (𝑦 ∈ 𝐼 ↦ 𝐶))) ↔ ∃𝑣 ∈ (𝒫 𝐼 ∩ Fin)𝐴 = (𝐵 ∩ ∩ 𝑦 ∈ 𝑣 𝐶))) | ||
Theorem | cmpfiiin 39638* | In a compact topology, a system of closed sets with nonempty finite intersections has a nonempty intersection. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 22-Feb-2015.) |
⊢ 𝑋 = ∪ 𝐽 & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐽 ∈ Comp) & ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑘 ∈ 𝐼) → 𝑆 ∈ (Clsd‘𝐽)) & ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ (𝑙 ⊆ 𝐼 ∧ 𝑙 ∈ Fin)) → (𝑋 ∩ ∩ 𝑘 ∈ 𝑙 𝑆) ≠ ∅) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝑋 ∩ ∩ 𝑘 ∈ 𝐼 𝑆) ≠ ∅) | ||
Theorem | ismrcd1 39639* | Any function from the subsets of a set to itself, which is extensive (satisfies mrcssid 16880), isotone (satisfies mrcss 16879), and idempotent (satisfies mrcidm 16882) has a collection of fixed points which is a Moore collection, and itself is the closure operator for that collection. This can be taken as an alternate definition for the closure operators. This is the first half, ismrcd2 39640 is the second. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 1-Feb-2015.) |
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ∈ 𝑉) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹:𝒫 𝐵⟶𝒫 𝐵) & ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ⊆ 𝐵) → 𝑥 ⊆ (𝐹‘𝑥)) & ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ⊆ 𝐵 ∧ 𝑦 ⊆ 𝑥) → (𝐹‘𝑦) ⊆ (𝐹‘𝑥)) & ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ⊆ 𝐵) → (𝐹‘(𝐹‘𝑥)) = (𝐹‘𝑥)) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → dom (𝐹 ∩ I ) ∈ (Moore‘𝐵)) | ||
Theorem | ismrcd2 39640* | Second half of ismrcd1 39639. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 1-Feb-2015.) |
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ∈ 𝑉) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹:𝒫 𝐵⟶𝒫 𝐵) & ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ⊆ 𝐵) → 𝑥 ⊆ (𝐹‘𝑥)) & ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ⊆ 𝐵 ∧ 𝑦 ⊆ 𝑥) → (𝐹‘𝑦) ⊆ (𝐹‘𝑥)) & ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ⊆ 𝐵) → (𝐹‘(𝐹‘𝑥)) = (𝐹‘𝑥)) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹 = (mrCls‘dom (𝐹 ∩ I ))) | ||
Theorem | istopclsd 39641* | A closure function which satisfies sscls 21661, clsidm 21672, cls0 21685, and clsun 33789 defines a (unique) topology which it is the closure function on. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 1-Feb-2015.) |
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ∈ 𝑉) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹:𝒫 𝐵⟶𝒫 𝐵) & ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ⊆ 𝐵) → 𝑥 ⊆ (𝐹‘𝑥)) & ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ⊆ 𝐵) → (𝐹‘(𝐹‘𝑥)) = (𝐹‘𝑥)) & ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐹‘∅) = ∅) & ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ⊆ 𝐵 ∧ 𝑦 ⊆ 𝐵) → (𝐹‘(𝑥 ∪ 𝑦)) = ((𝐹‘𝑥) ∪ (𝐹‘𝑦))) & ⊢ 𝐽 = {𝑧 ∈ 𝒫 𝐵 ∣ (𝐹‘(𝐵 ∖ 𝑧)) = (𝐵 ∖ 𝑧)} ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐽 ∈ (TopOn‘𝐵) ∧ (cls‘𝐽) = 𝐹)) | ||
Theorem | ismrc 39642* | A function is a Moore closure operator iff it satisfies mrcssid 16880, mrcss 16879, and mrcidm 16882. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 1-Feb-2015.) |
⊢ (𝐹 ∈ (mrCls “ (Moore‘𝐵)) ↔ (𝐵 ∈ V ∧ 𝐹:𝒫 𝐵⟶𝒫 𝐵 ∧ ∀𝑥∀𝑦((𝑥 ⊆ 𝐵 ∧ 𝑦 ⊆ 𝑥) → (𝑥 ⊆ (𝐹‘𝑥) ∧ (𝐹‘𝑦) ⊆ (𝐹‘𝑥) ∧ (𝐹‘(𝐹‘𝑥)) = (𝐹‘𝑥))))) | ||
Syntax | cnacs 39643 | Class of Noetherian closure systems. |
class NoeACS | ||
Definition | df-nacs 39644* | Define a closure system of Noetherian type (not standard terminology) as an algebraic system where all closed sets are finitely generated. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 4-Apr-2015.) |
⊢ NoeACS = (𝑥 ∈ V ↦ {𝑐 ∈ (ACS‘𝑥) ∣ ∀𝑠 ∈ 𝑐 ∃𝑔 ∈ (𝒫 𝑥 ∩ Fin)𝑠 = ((mrCls‘𝑐)‘𝑔)}) | ||
Theorem | isnacs 39645* | Expand definition of Noetherian-type closure system. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 4-Apr-2015.) |
⊢ 𝐹 = (mrCls‘𝐶) ⇒ ⊢ (𝐶 ∈ (NoeACS‘𝑋) ↔ (𝐶 ∈ (ACS‘𝑋) ∧ ∀𝑠 ∈ 𝐶 ∃𝑔 ∈ (𝒫 𝑋 ∩ Fin)𝑠 = (𝐹‘𝑔))) | ||
Theorem | nacsfg 39646* | In a Noetherian-type closure system, all closed sets are finitely generated. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 4-Apr-2015.) |
⊢ 𝐹 = (mrCls‘𝐶) ⇒ ⊢ ((𝐶 ∈ (NoeACS‘𝑋) ∧ 𝑆 ∈ 𝐶) → ∃𝑔 ∈ (𝒫 𝑋 ∩ Fin)𝑆 = (𝐹‘𝑔)) | ||
Theorem | isnacs2 39647 | Express Noetherian-type closure system with fewer quantifiers. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 4-Apr-2015.) |
⊢ 𝐹 = (mrCls‘𝐶) ⇒ ⊢ (𝐶 ∈ (NoeACS‘𝑋) ↔ (𝐶 ∈ (ACS‘𝑋) ∧ (𝐹 “ (𝒫 𝑋 ∩ Fin)) = 𝐶)) | ||
Theorem | mrefg2 39648* | Slight variation on finite generation for closure systems. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 4-Apr-2015.) |
⊢ 𝐹 = (mrCls‘𝐶) ⇒ ⊢ (𝐶 ∈ (Moore‘𝑋) → (∃𝑔 ∈ (𝒫 𝑋 ∩ Fin)𝑆 = (𝐹‘𝑔) ↔ ∃𝑔 ∈ (𝒫 𝑆 ∩ Fin)𝑆 = (𝐹‘𝑔))) | ||
Theorem | mrefg3 39649* | Slight variation on finite generation for closure systems. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 4-Apr-2015.) |
⊢ 𝐹 = (mrCls‘𝐶) ⇒ ⊢ ((𝐶 ∈ (Moore‘𝑋) ∧ 𝑆 ∈ 𝐶) → (∃𝑔 ∈ (𝒫 𝑋 ∩ Fin)𝑆 = (𝐹‘𝑔) ↔ ∃𝑔 ∈ (𝒫 𝑆 ∩ Fin)𝑆 ⊆ (𝐹‘𝑔))) | ||
Theorem | nacsacs 39650 | A closure system of Noetherian type is algebraic. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 4-Apr-2015.) |
⊢ (𝐶 ∈ (NoeACS‘𝑋) → 𝐶 ∈ (ACS‘𝑋)) | ||
Theorem | isnacs3 39651* | A choice-free order equivalent to the Noetherian condition on a closure system. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 4-Apr-2015.) |
⊢ (𝐶 ∈ (NoeACS‘𝑋) ↔ (𝐶 ∈ (Moore‘𝑋) ∧ ∀𝑠 ∈ 𝒫 𝐶((toInc‘𝑠) ∈ Dirset → ∪ 𝑠 ∈ 𝑠))) | ||
Theorem | incssnn0 39652* | Transitivity induction of subsets, lemma for nacsfix 39653. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 4-Apr-2015.) |
⊢ ((∀𝑥 ∈ ℕ0 (𝐹‘𝑥) ⊆ (𝐹‘(𝑥 + 1)) ∧ 𝐴 ∈ ℕ0 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ (ℤ≥‘𝐴)) → (𝐹‘𝐴) ⊆ (𝐹‘𝐵)) | ||
Theorem | nacsfix 39653* | An increasing sequence of closed sets in a Noetherian-type closure system eventually fixates. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 4-Apr-2015.) |
⊢ ((𝐶 ∈ (NoeACS‘𝑋) ∧ 𝐹:ℕ0⟶𝐶 ∧ ∀𝑥 ∈ ℕ0 (𝐹‘𝑥) ⊆ (𝐹‘(𝑥 + 1))) → ∃𝑦 ∈ ℕ0 ∀𝑧 ∈ (ℤ≥‘𝑦)(𝐹‘𝑧) = (𝐹‘𝑦)) | ||
Theorem | constmap 39654 |
A constant (represented without dummy variables) is an element of a
function set.
Note: In the following development, we will be quite often quantifying over functions and points in N-dimensional space (which are equivalent to functions from an "index set"). Many of the following theorems exist to transfer standard facts about functions to elements of function sets. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 30-Aug-2014.) (Revised by Stefan O'Rear, 5-May-2015.) |
⊢ 𝐴 ∈ V & ⊢ 𝐶 ∈ V ⇒ ⊢ (𝐵 ∈ 𝐶 → (𝐴 × {𝐵}) ∈ (𝐶 ↑m 𝐴)) | ||
Theorem | mapco2g 39655 | Renaming indices in a tuple, with sethood as antecedents. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 9-Oct-2014.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 5-May-2015.) |
⊢ ((𝐸 ∈ V ∧ 𝐴 ∈ (𝐵 ↑m 𝐶) ∧ 𝐷:𝐸⟶𝐶) → (𝐴 ∘ 𝐷) ∈ (𝐵 ↑m 𝐸)) | ||
Theorem | mapco2 39656 | Post-composition (renaming indices) of a mapping viewed as a point. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 5-Oct-2014.) (Revised by Stefan O'Rear, 5-May-2015.) |
⊢ 𝐸 ∈ V ⇒ ⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ (𝐵 ↑m 𝐶) ∧ 𝐷:𝐸⟶𝐶) → (𝐴 ∘ 𝐷) ∈ (𝐵 ↑m 𝐸)) | ||
Theorem | mapfzcons 39657 | Extending a one-based mapping by adding a tuple at the end results in another mapping. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 10-Oct-2014.) (Revised by Stefan O'Rear, 5-May-2015.) |
⊢ 𝑀 = (𝑁 + 1) ⇒ ⊢ ((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0 ∧ 𝐴 ∈ (𝐵 ↑m (1...𝑁)) ∧ 𝐶 ∈ 𝐵) → (𝐴 ∪ {〈𝑀, 𝐶〉}) ∈ (𝐵 ↑m (1...𝑀))) | ||
Theorem | mapfzcons1 39658 | Recover prefix mapping from an extended mapping. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 10-Oct-2014.) (Revised by Stefan O'Rear, 5-May-2015.) |
⊢ 𝑀 = (𝑁 + 1) ⇒ ⊢ (𝐴 ∈ (𝐵 ↑m (1...𝑁)) → ((𝐴 ∪ {〈𝑀, 𝐶〉}) ↾ (1...𝑁)) = 𝐴) | ||
Theorem | mapfzcons1cl 39659 | A nonempty mapping has a prefix. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 10-Oct-2014.) (Revised by Stefan O'Rear, 5-May-2015.) |
⊢ 𝑀 = (𝑁 + 1) ⇒ ⊢ (𝐴 ∈ (𝐵 ↑m (1...𝑀)) → (𝐴 ↾ (1...𝑁)) ∈ (𝐵 ↑m (1...𝑁))) | ||
Theorem | mapfzcons2 39660 | Recover added element from an extended mapping. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 10-Oct-2014.) (Revised by Stefan O'Rear, 5-May-2015.) |
⊢ 𝑀 = (𝑁 + 1) ⇒ ⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ (𝐵 ↑m (1...𝑁)) ∧ 𝐶 ∈ 𝐵) → ((𝐴 ∪ {〈𝑀, 𝐶〉})‘𝑀) = 𝐶) | ||
Theorem | mptfcl 39661* | Interpret range of a maps-to notation as a constraint on the definition. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 10-Oct-2014.) |
⊢ ((𝑡 ∈ 𝐴 ↦ 𝐵):𝐴⟶𝐶 → (𝑡 ∈ 𝐴 → 𝐵 ∈ 𝐶)) | ||
Syntax | cmzpcl 39662 | Extend class notation to include pre-polynomial rings. |
class mzPolyCld | ||
Syntax | cmzp 39663 | Extend class notation to include polynomial rings. |
class mzPoly | ||
Definition | df-mzpcl 39664* | Define the polynomially closed function rings over an arbitrary index set 𝑣. The set (mzPolyCld‘𝑣) contains all sets of functions from (ℤ ↑m 𝑣) to ℤ which include all constants and projections and are closed under addition and multiplication. This is a "temporary" set used to define the polynomial function ring itself (mzPoly‘𝑣); see df-mzp 39665. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 4-Oct-2014.) |
⊢ mzPolyCld = (𝑣 ∈ V ↦ {𝑝 ∈ 𝒫 (ℤ ↑m (ℤ ↑m 𝑣)) ∣ ((∀𝑖 ∈ ℤ ((ℤ ↑m 𝑣) × {𝑖}) ∈ 𝑝 ∧ ∀𝑗 ∈ 𝑣 (𝑥 ∈ (ℤ ↑m 𝑣) ↦ (𝑥‘𝑗)) ∈ 𝑝) ∧ ∀𝑓 ∈ 𝑝 ∀𝑔 ∈ 𝑝 ((𝑓 ∘f + 𝑔) ∈ 𝑝 ∧ (𝑓 ∘f · 𝑔) ∈ 𝑝))}) | ||
Definition | df-mzp 39665 | Polynomials over ℤ with an arbitrary index set, that is, the smallest ring of functions containing all constant functions and all projections. This is almost the most general reasonable definition; to reach full generality, we would need to be able to replace ZZ with an arbitrary (semi)ring (and a coordinate subring), but rings have not been defined yet. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 4-Oct-2014.) |
⊢ mzPoly = (𝑣 ∈ V ↦ ∩ (mzPolyCld‘𝑣)) | ||
Theorem | mzpclval 39666* | Substitution lemma for mzPolyCld. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 4-Oct-2014.) |
⊢ (𝑉 ∈ V → (mzPolyCld‘𝑉) = {𝑝 ∈ 𝒫 (ℤ ↑m (ℤ ↑m 𝑉)) ∣ ((∀𝑖 ∈ ℤ ((ℤ ↑m 𝑉) × {𝑖}) ∈ 𝑝 ∧ ∀𝑗 ∈ 𝑉 (𝑥 ∈ (ℤ ↑m 𝑉) ↦ (𝑥‘𝑗)) ∈ 𝑝) ∧ ∀𝑓 ∈ 𝑝 ∀𝑔 ∈ 𝑝 ((𝑓 ∘f + 𝑔) ∈ 𝑝 ∧ (𝑓 ∘f · 𝑔) ∈ 𝑝))}) | ||
Theorem | elmzpcl 39667* | Double substitution lemma for mzPolyCld. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 4-Oct-2014.) |
⊢ (𝑉 ∈ V → (𝑃 ∈ (mzPolyCld‘𝑉) ↔ (𝑃 ⊆ (ℤ ↑m (ℤ ↑m 𝑉)) ∧ ((∀𝑖 ∈ ℤ ((ℤ ↑m 𝑉) × {𝑖}) ∈ 𝑃 ∧ ∀𝑗 ∈ 𝑉 (𝑥 ∈ (ℤ ↑m 𝑉) ↦ (𝑥‘𝑗)) ∈ 𝑃) ∧ ∀𝑓 ∈ 𝑃 ∀𝑔 ∈ 𝑃 ((𝑓 ∘f + 𝑔) ∈ 𝑃 ∧ (𝑓 ∘f · 𝑔) ∈ 𝑃))))) | ||
Theorem | mzpclall 39668 | The set of all functions with the signature of a polynomial is a polynomially closed set. This is a lemma to show that the intersection in df-mzp 39665 is well-defined. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 4-Oct-2014.) |
⊢ (𝑉 ∈ V → (ℤ ↑m (ℤ ↑m 𝑉)) ∈ (mzPolyCld‘𝑉)) | ||
Theorem | mzpcln0 39669 | Corrolary of mzpclall 39668: polynomially closed function sets are not empty. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 4-Oct-2014.) |
⊢ (𝑉 ∈ V → (mzPolyCld‘𝑉) ≠ ∅) | ||
Theorem | mzpcl1 39670 | Defining property 1 of a polynomially closed function set 𝑃: it contains all constant functions. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 4-Oct-2014.) |
⊢ ((𝑃 ∈ (mzPolyCld‘𝑉) ∧ 𝐹 ∈ ℤ) → ((ℤ ↑m 𝑉) × {𝐹}) ∈ 𝑃) | ||
Theorem | mzpcl2 39671* | Defining property 2 of a polynomially closed function set 𝑃: it contains all projections. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 4-Oct-2014.) |
⊢ ((𝑃 ∈ (mzPolyCld‘𝑉) ∧ 𝐹 ∈ 𝑉) → (𝑔 ∈ (ℤ ↑m 𝑉) ↦ (𝑔‘𝐹)) ∈ 𝑃) | ||
Theorem | mzpcl34 39672 | Defining properties 3 and 4 of a polynomially closed function set 𝑃: it is closed under pointwise addition and multiplication. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 4-Oct-2014.) |
⊢ ((𝑃 ∈ (mzPolyCld‘𝑉) ∧ 𝐹 ∈ 𝑃 ∧ 𝐺 ∈ 𝑃) → ((𝐹 ∘f + 𝐺) ∈ 𝑃 ∧ (𝐹 ∘f · 𝐺) ∈ 𝑃)) | ||
Theorem | mzpval 39673 | Value of the mzPoly function. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 4-Oct-2014.) |
⊢ (𝑉 ∈ V → (mzPoly‘𝑉) = ∩ (mzPolyCld‘𝑉)) | ||
Theorem | dmmzp 39674 | mzPoly is defined for all index sets which are sets. This is used with elfvdm 6677 to eliminate sethood antecedents. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 4-Oct-2014.) |
⊢ dom mzPoly = V | ||
Theorem | mzpincl 39675 | Polynomial closedness is a universal first-order property and passes to intersections. This is where the closure properties of the polynomial ring itself are proved. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 4-Oct-2014.) |
⊢ (𝑉 ∈ V → (mzPoly‘𝑉) ∈ (mzPolyCld‘𝑉)) | ||
Theorem | mzpconst 39676 | Constant functions are polynomial. See also mzpconstmpt 39681. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 4-Oct-2014.) |
⊢ ((𝑉 ∈ V ∧ 𝐶 ∈ ℤ) → ((ℤ ↑m 𝑉) × {𝐶}) ∈ (mzPoly‘𝑉)) | ||
Theorem | mzpf 39677 | A polynomial function is a function from the coordinate space to the integers. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 5-Oct-2014.) |
⊢ (𝐹 ∈ (mzPoly‘𝑉) → 𝐹:(ℤ ↑m 𝑉)⟶ℤ) | ||
Theorem | mzpproj 39678* | A projection function is polynomial. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 4-Oct-2014.) |
⊢ ((𝑉 ∈ V ∧ 𝑋 ∈ 𝑉) → (𝑔 ∈ (ℤ ↑m 𝑉) ↦ (𝑔‘𝑋)) ∈ (mzPoly‘𝑉)) | ||
Theorem | mzpadd 39679 | The pointwise sum of two polynomial functions is a polynomial function. See also mzpaddmpt 39682. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 4-Oct-2014.) |
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ (mzPoly‘𝑉) ∧ 𝐵 ∈ (mzPoly‘𝑉)) → (𝐴 ∘f + 𝐵) ∈ (mzPoly‘𝑉)) | ||
Theorem | mzpmul 39680 | The pointwise product of two polynomial functions is a polynomial function. See also mzpmulmpt 39683. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 4-Oct-2014.) |
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ (mzPoly‘𝑉) ∧ 𝐵 ∈ (mzPoly‘𝑉)) → (𝐴 ∘f · 𝐵) ∈ (mzPoly‘𝑉)) | ||
Theorem | mzpconstmpt 39681* | A constant function expressed in maps-to notation is polynomial. This theorem and the several that follow (mzpaddmpt 39682, mzpmulmpt 39683, mzpnegmpt 39685, mzpsubmpt 39684, mzpexpmpt 39686) can be used to build proofs that functions which are "manifestly polynomial", in the sense of being a maps-to containing constants, projections, and simple arithmetic operations, are actually polynomial functions. There is no mzpprojmpt because mzpproj 39678 is already expressed using maps-to notation. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 5-Oct-2014.) |
⊢ ((𝑉 ∈ V ∧ 𝐶 ∈ ℤ) → (𝑥 ∈ (ℤ ↑m 𝑉) ↦ 𝐶) ∈ (mzPoly‘𝑉)) | ||
Theorem | mzpaddmpt 39682* | Sum of polynomial functions is polynomial. Maps-to version of mzpadd 39679. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 5-Oct-2014.) |
⊢ (((𝑥 ∈ (ℤ ↑m 𝑉) ↦ 𝐴) ∈ (mzPoly‘𝑉) ∧ (𝑥 ∈ (ℤ ↑m 𝑉) ↦ 𝐵) ∈ (mzPoly‘𝑉)) → (𝑥 ∈ (ℤ ↑m 𝑉) ↦ (𝐴 + 𝐵)) ∈ (mzPoly‘𝑉)) | ||
Theorem | mzpmulmpt 39683* | Product of polynomial functions is polynomial. Maps-to version of mzpmulmpt 39683. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 5-Oct-2014.) |
⊢ (((𝑥 ∈ (ℤ ↑m 𝑉) ↦ 𝐴) ∈ (mzPoly‘𝑉) ∧ (𝑥 ∈ (ℤ ↑m 𝑉) ↦ 𝐵) ∈ (mzPoly‘𝑉)) → (𝑥 ∈ (ℤ ↑m 𝑉) ↦ (𝐴 · 𝐵)) ∈ (mzPoly‘𝑉)) | ||
Theorem | mzpsubmpt 39684* | The difference of two polynomial functions is polynomial. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 10-Oct-2014.) |
⊢ (((𝑥 ∈ (ℤ ↑m 𝑉) ↦ 𝐴) ∈ (mzPoly‘𝑉) ∧ (𝑥 ∈ (ℤ ↑m 𝑉) ↦ 𝐵) ∈ (mzPoly‘𝑉)) → (𝑥 ∈ (ℤ ↑m 𝑉) ↦ (𝐴 − 𝐵)) ∈ (mzPoly‘𝑉)) | ||
Theorem | mzpnegmpt 39685* | Negation of a polynomial function. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 11-Oct-2014.) |
⊢ ((𝑥 ∈ (ℤ ↑m 𝑉) ↦ 𝐴) ∈ (mzPoly‘𝑉) → (𝑥 ∈ (ℤ ↑m 𝑉) ↦ -𝐴) ∈ (mzPoly‘𝑉)) | ||
Theorem | mzpexpmpt 39686* | Raise a polynomial function to a (fixed) exponent. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 5-Oct-2014.) |
⊢ (((𝑥 ∈ (ℤ ↑m 𝑉) ↦ 𝐴) ∈ (mzPoly‘𝑉) ∧ 𝐷 ∈ ℕ0) → (𝑥 ∈ (ℤ ↑m 𝑉) ↦ (𝐴↑𝐷)) ∈ (mzPoly‘𝑉)) | ||
Theorem | mzpindd 39687* | "Structural" induction to prove properties of all polynomial functions. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 4-Oct-2014.) |
⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑓 ∈ ℤ) → 𝜒) & ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑓 ∈ 𝑉) → 𝜃) & ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ (𝑓:(ℤ ↑m 𝑉)⟶ℤ ∧ 𝜏) ∧ (𝑔:(ℤ ↑m 𝑉)⟶ℤ ∧ 𝜂)) → 𝜁) & ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ (𝑓:(ℤ ↑m 𝑉)⟶ℤ ∧ 𝜏) ∧ (𝑔:(ℤ ↑m 𝑉)⟶ℤ ∧ 𝜂)) → 𝜎) & ⊢ (𝑥 = ((ℤ ↑m 𝑉) × {𝑓}) → (𝜓 ↔ 𝜒)) & ⊢ (𝑥 = (𝑔 ∈ (ℤ ↑m 𝑉) ↦ (𝑔‘𝑓)) → (𝜓 ↔ 𝜃)) & ⊢ (𝑥 = 𝑓 → (𝜓 ↔ 𝜏)) & ⊢ (𝑥 = 𝑔 → (𝜓 ↔ 𝜂)) & ⊢ (𝑥 = (𝑓 ∘f + 𝑔) → (𝜓 ↔ 𝜁)) & ⊢ (𝑥 = (𝑓 ∘f · 𝑔) → (𝜓 ↔ 𝜎)) & ⊢ (𝑥 = 𝐴 → (𝜓 ↔ 𝜌)) ⇒ ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝐴 ∈ (mzPoly‘𝑉)) → 𝜌) | ||
Theorem | mzpmfp 39688 | Relationship between multivariate Z-polynomials and general multivariate polynomial functions. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 20-Mar-2015.) (Revised by AV, 13-Jun-2019.) |
⊢ (mzPoly‘𝐼) = ran (𝐼 eval ℤring) | ||
Theorem | mzpsubst 39689* | Substituting polynomials for the variables of a polynomial results in a polynomial. 𝐺 is expected to depend on 𝑦 and provide the polynomials which are being substituted. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 5-Oct-2014.) |
⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ V ∧ 𝐹 ∈ (mzPoly‘𝑉) ∧ ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝑉 𝐺 ∈ (mzPoly‘𝑊)) → (𝑥 ∈ (ℤ ↑m 𝑊) ↦ (𝐹‘(𝑦 ∈ 𝑉 ↦ (𝐺‘𝑥)))) ∈ (mzPoly‘𝑊)) | ||
Theorem | mzprename 39690* | Simplified version of mzpsubst 39689 to simply relabel variables in a polynomial. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 5-Oct-2014.) |
⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ V ∧ 𝐹 ∈ (mzPoly‘𝑉) ∧ 𝑅:𝑉⟶𝑊) → (𝑥 ∈ (ℤ ↑m 𝑊) ↦ (𝐹‘(𝑥 ∘ 𝑅))) ∈ (mzPoly‘𝑊)) | ||
Theorem | mzpresrename 39691* | A polynomial is a polynomial over all larger index sets. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 5-Oct-2014.) (Revised by Stefan O'Rear, 5-Jun-2015.) |
⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ V ∧ 𝑉 ⊆ 𝑊 ∧ 𝐹 ∈ (mzPoly‘𝑉)) → (𝑥 ∈ (ℤ ↑m 𝑊) ↦ (𝐹‘(𝑥 ↾ 𝑉))) ∈ (mzPoly‘𝑊)) | ||
Theorem | mzpcompact2lem 39692* | Lemma for mzpcompact2 39693. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 9-Oct-2014.) |
⊢ 𝐵 ∈ V ⇒ ⊢ (𝐴 ∈ (mzPoly‘𝐵) → ∃𝑎 ∈ Fin ∃𝑏 ∈ (mzPoly‘𝑎)(𝑎 ⊆ 𝐵 ∧ 𝐴 = (𝑐 ∈ (ℤ ↑m 𝐵) ↦ (𝑏‘(𝑐 ↾ 𝑎))))) | ||
Theorem | mzpcompact2 39693* | Polynomials are finitary objects and can only reference a finite number of variables, even if the index set is infinite. Thus, every polynomial can be expressed as a (uniquely minimal, although we do not prove that) polynomial on a finite number of variables, which is then extended by adding an arbitrary set of ignored variables. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 9-Oct-2014.) |
⊢ (𝐴 ∈ (mzPoly‘𝐵) → ∃𝑎 ∈ Fin ∃𝑏 ∈ (mzPoly‘𝑎)(𝑎 ⊆ 𝐵 ∧ 𝐴 = (𝑐 ∈ (ℤ ↑m 𝐵) ↦ (𝑏‘(𝑐 ↾ 𝑎))))) | ||
Theorem | coeq0i 39694 | coeq0 6075 but without explicitly introducing domain and range symbols. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 16-Oct-2014.) |
⊢ ((𝐴:𝐶⟶𝐷 ∧ 𝐵:𝐸⟶𝐹 ∧ (𝐶 ∩ 𝐹) = ∅) → (𝐴 ∘ 𝐵) = ∅) | ||
Theorem | fzsplit1nn0 39695 | Split a finite 1-based set of integers in the middle, allowing either end to be empty ((1...0)). (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 8-Oct-2014.) |
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ℕ0 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ℕ0 ∧ 𝐴 ≤ 𝐵) → (1...𝐵) = ((1...𝐴) ∪ ((𝐴 + 1)...𝐵))) | ||
Syntax | cdioph 39696 | Extend class notation to include the family of Diophantine sets. |
class Dioph | ||
Definition | df-dioph 39697* | A Diophantine set is a set of positive integers which is a projection of the zero set of some polynomial. This definition somewhat awkwardly mixes ℤ (via mzPoly) and ℕ0 (to define the zero sets); the former could be avoided by considering coincidence sets of ℕ0 polynomials at the cost of requiring two, and the second is driven by consistency with our mu-recursive functions and the requirements of the Davis-Putnam-Robinson-Matiyasevich proof. Both are avoidable at a complexity cost. In particular, it is a consequence of 4sq 16290 that implicitly restricting variables to ℕ0 adds no expressive power over allowing them to range over ℤ. While this definition stipulates a specific index set for the polynomials, there is actually flexibility here, see eldioph2b 39704. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 5-Oct-2014.) |
⊢ Dioph = (𝑛 ∈ ℕ0 ↦ ran (𝑘 ∈ (ℤ≥‘𝑛), 𝑝 ∈ (mzPoly‘(1...𝑘)) ↦ {𝑡 ∣ ∃𝑢 ∈ (ℕ0 ↑m (1...𝑘))(𝑡 = (𝑢 ↾ (1...𝑛)) ∧ (𝑝‘𝑢) = 0)})) | ||
Theorem | eldiophb 39698* | Initial expression of Diophantine property of a set. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 5-Oct-2014.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 22-Sep-2015.) |
⊢ (𝐷 ∈ (Dioph‘𝑁) ↔ (𝑁 ∈ ℕ0 ∧ ∃𝑘 ∈ (ℤ≥‘𝑁)∃𝑝 ∈ (mzPoly‘(1...𝑘))𝐷 = {𝑡 ∣ ∃𝑢 ∈ (ℕ0 ↑m (1...𝑘))(𝑡 = (𝑢 ↾ (1...𝑁)) ∧ (𝑝‘𝑢) = 0)})) | ||
Theorem | eldioph 39699* | Condition for a set to be Diophantine (unpacking existential quantifier). (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 5-Oct-2014.) |
⊢ ((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0 ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (ℤ≥‘𝑁) ∧ 𝑃 ∈ (mzPoly‘(1...𝐾))) → {𝑡 ∣ ∃𝑢 ∈ (ℕ0 ↑m (1...𝐾))(𝑡 = (𝑢 ↾ (1...𝑁)) ∧ (𝑃‘𝑢) = 0)} ∈ (Dioph‘𝑁)) | ||
Theorem | diophrw 39700* | Renaming and adding unused witness variables does not change the Diophantine set coded by a polynomial. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 7-Oct-2014.) |
⊢ ((𝑆 ∈ V ∧ 𝑀:𝑇–1-1→𝑆 ∧ (𝑀 ↾ 𝑂) = ( I ↾ 𝑂)) → {𝑎 ∣ ∃𝑏 ∈ (ℕ0 ↑m 𝑆)(𝑎 = (𝑏 ↾ 𝑂) ∧ ((𝑑 ∈ (ℤ ↑m 𝑆) ↦ (𝑃‘(𝑑 ∘ 𝑀)))‘𝑏) = 0)} = {𝑎 ∣ ∃𝑐 ∈ (ℕ0 ↑m 𝑇)(𝑎 = (𝑐 ↾ 𝑂) ∧ (𝑃‘𝑐) = 0)}) |
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