P. 147 of Theorem List - Metamath Proof Explorer

Theorem List for Metamath Proof Explorer - 14601-14700   *Has distinct variable group(s)

Type	Label	Description
Statement
Theorem	s3cl 14601	A length 3 string is a word. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 26-Feb-2016.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ 𝑋 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑋 ∧ 𝐶 ∈ 𝑋) → ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶”⟩ ∈ Word 𝑋)
Theorem	s2cli 14602	A doubleton word is a word. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 26-Feb-2016.)
⊢ ⟨“𝐴𝐵”⟩ ∈ Word V
Theorem	s3cli 14603	A length 3 string is a word. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 26-Feb-2016.)
⊢ ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶”⟩ ∈ Word V
Theorem	s4cli 14604	A length 4 string is a word. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 26-Feb-2016.)
⊢ ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷”⟩ ∈ Word V
Theorem	s5cli 14605	A length 5 string is a word. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 26-Feb-2016.)
⊢ ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸”⟩ ∈ Word V
Theorem	s6cli 14606	A length 6 string is a word. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 26-Feb-2016.)
⊢ ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸𝐹”⟩ ∈ Word V
Theorem	s7cli 14607	A length 7 string is a word. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 26-Feb-2016.)
⊢ ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸𝐹𝐺”⟩ ∈ Word V
Theorem	s8cli 14608	A length 8 string is a word. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 26-Feb-2016.)
⊢ ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸𝐹𝐺𝐻”⟩ ∈ Word V
Theorem	s2fv0 14609	Extract the first symbol from a doubleton word. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 23-Aug-2015.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 26-Feb-2016.)
⊢ (𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 → (⟨“𝐴𝐵”⟩‘0) = 𝐴)
Theorem	s2fv1 14610	Extract the second symbol from a doubleton word. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 23-Aug-2015.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 26-Feb-2016.)
⊢ (𝐵 ∈ 𝑉 → (⟨“𝐴𝐵”⟩‘1) = 𝐵)
Theorem	s2len 14611	The length of a doubleton word. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 23-Aug-2015.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 26-Feb-2016.)
⊢ (♯‘⟨“𝐴𝐵”⟩) = 2
Theorem	s2dm 14612	The domain of a doubleton word is an unordered pair. (Contributed by AV, 9-Jan-2020.)
⊢ dom ⟨“𝐴𝐵”⟩ = {0, 1}
Theorem	s3fv0 14613	Extract the first symbol from a length 3 string. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 13-Jan-2017.)
⊢ (𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 → (⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶”⟩‘0) = 𝐴)
Theorem	s3fv1 14614	Extract the second symbol from a length 3 string. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 13-Jan-2017.)
⊢ (𝐵 ∈ 𝑉 → (⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶”⟩‘1) = 𝐵)
Theorem	s3fv2 14615	Extract the third symbol from a length 3 string. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 13-Jan-2017.)
⊢ (𝐶 ∈ 𝑉 → (⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶”⟩‘2) = 𝐶)
Theorem	s3len 14616	The length of a length 3 string. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 26-Feb-2016.)
⊢ (♯‘⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶”⟩) = 3
Theorem	s4fv0 14617	Extract the first symbol from a length 4 string. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 8-Oct-2020.)
⊢ (𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 → (⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷”⟩‘0) = 𝐴)
Theorem	s4fv1 14618	Extract the second symbol from a length 4 string. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 8-Oct-2020.)
⊢ (𝐵 ∈ 𝑉 → (⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷”⟩‘1) = 𝐵)
Theorem	s4fv2 14619	Extract the third symbol from a length 4 string. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 8-Oct-2020.)
⊢ (𝐶 ∈ 𝑉 → (⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷”⟩‘2) = 𝐶)
Theorem	s4fv3 14620	Extract the fourth symbol from a length 4 string. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 8-Oct-2020.)
⊢ (𝐷 ∈ 𝑉 → (⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷”⟩‘3) = 𝐷)
Theorem	s4len 14621	The length of a length 4 string. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 26-Feb-2016.)
⊢ (♯‘⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷”⟩) = 4
Theorem	s5len 14622	The length of a length 5 string. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 26-Feb-2016.)
⊢ (♯‘⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸”⟩) = 5
Theorem	s6len 14623	The length of a length 6 string. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 26-Feb-2016.)
⊢ (♯‘⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸𝐹”⟩) = 6
Theorem	s7len 14624	The length of a length 7 string. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 26-Feb-2016.)
⊢ (♯‘⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸𝐹𝐺”⟩) = 7
Theorem	s8len 14625	The length of a length 8 string. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 26-Feb-2016.)
⊢ (♯‘⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸𝐹𝐺𝐻”⟩) = 8
Theorem	lsws2 14626	The last symbol of a doubleton word is its second symbol. (Contributed by AV, 8-Feb-2021.)
⊢ (𝐵 ∈ 𝑉 → (lastS‘⟨“𝐴𝐵”⟩) = 𝐵)
Theorem	lsws3 14627	The last symbol of a 3 letter word is its third symbol. (Contributed by AV, 8-Feb-2021.)
⊢ (𝐶 ∈ 𝑉 → (lastS‘⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶”⟩) = 𝐶)
Theorem	lsws4 14628	The last symbol of a 4 letter word is its fourth symbol. (Contributed by AV, 8-Feb-2021.)
⊢ (𝐷 ∈ 𝑉 → (lastS‘⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷”⟩) = 𝐷)
Theorem	s2prop 14629	A length 2 word is an unordered pair of ordered pairs. (Contributed by Alexander van der Vekens, 14-Aug-2017.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ 𝑆 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑆) → ⟨“𝐴𝐵”⟩ = {⟨0, 𝐴⟩, ⟨1, 𝐵⟩})
Theorem	s2dmALT 14630	Alternate version of s2dm 14612, having a shorter proof, but requiring that 𝐴 and 𝐵 are sets. (Contributed by AV, 9-Jan-2020.) (Proof modification is discouraged.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ 𝑆 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑆) → dom ⟨“𝐴𝐵”⟩ = {0, 1})
Theorem	s3tpop 14631	A length 3 word is an unordered triple of ordered pairs. (Contributed by AV, 23-Jan-2021.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ 𝑆 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑆 ∧ 𝐶 ∈ 𝑆) → ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶”⟩ = {⟨0, 𝐴⟩, ⟨1, 𝐵⟩, ⟨2, 𝐶⟩})
Theorem	s4prop 14632	A length 4 word is a union of two unordered pairs of ordered pairs. (Contributed by Alexander van der Vekens, 14-Aug-2017.)
⊢ (((𝐴 ∈ 𝑆 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑆) ∧ (𝐶 ∈ 𝑆 ∧ 𝐷 ∈ 𝑆)) → ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷”⟩ = ({⟨0, 𝐴⟩, ⟨1, 𝐵⟩} ∪ {⟨2, 𝐶⟩, ⟨3, 𝐷⟩}))
Theorem	s3fn 14633	A length 3 word is a function with a triple as domain. (Contributed by Alexander van der Vekens, 5-Dec-2017.) (Revised by AV, 23-Jan-2021.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐶 ∈ 𝑉) → ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶”⟩ Fn {0, 1, 2})
Theorem	funcnvs1 14634	The converse of a singleton word is a function. (Contributed by AV, 22-Jan-2021.)
⊢ Fun ◡⟨“𝐴”⟩
Theorem	funcnvs2 14635	The converse of a length 2 word is a function if its symbols are different sets. (Contributed by AV, 23-Jan-2021.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐴 ≠ 𝐵) → Fun ◡⟨“𝐴𝐵”⟩)
Theorem	funcnvs3 14636	The converse of a length 3 word is a function if its symbols are different sets. (Contributed by Alexander van der Vekens, 31-Jan-2018.) (Revised by AV, 23-Jan-2021.)
⊢ (((𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐶 ∈ 𝑉) ∧ (𝐴 ≠ 𝐵 ∧ 𝐴 ≠ 𝐶 ∧ 𝐵 ≠ 𝐶)) → Fun ◡⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶”⟩)
Theorem	funcnvs4 14637	The converse of a length 4 word is a function if its symbols are different sets. (Contributed by AV, 10-Feb-2021.)
⊢ ((((𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑉) ∧ (𝐶 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐷 ∈ 𝑉)) ∧ ((𝐴 ≠ 𝐵 ∧ 𝐴 ≠ 𝐶 ∧ 𝐴 ≠ 𝐷) ∧ (𝐵 ≠ 𝐶 ∧ 𝐵 ≠ 𝐷) ∧ 𝐶 ≠ 𝐷)) → Fun ◡⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷”⟩)
Theorem	s2f1o 14638	A length 2 word with mutually different symbols is a one-to-one function onto the set of the symbols. (Contributed by Alexander van der Vekens, 14-Aug-2017.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ 𝑆 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑆 ∧ 𝐴 ≠ 𝐵) → (𝐸 = ⟨“𝐴𝐵”⟩ → 𝐸:{0, 1}–1-1-onto→{𝐴, 𝐵}))
Theorem	f1oun2prg 14639	A union of unordered pairs of ordered pairs with different elements is a one-to-one onto function. (Contributed by Alexander van der Vekens, 14-Aug-2017.)
⊢ (((𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑊) ∧ (𝐶 ∈ 𝑋 ∧ 𝐷 ∈ 𝑌)) → (((𝐴 ≠ 𝐵 ∧ 𝐴 ≠ 𝐶 ∧ 𝐴 ≠ 𝐷) ∧ (𝐵 ≠ 𝐶 ∧ 𝐵 ≠ 𝐷 ∧ 𝐶 ≠ 𝐷)) → ({⟨0, 𝐴⟩, ⟨1, 𝐵⟩} ∪ {⟨2, 𝐶⟩, ⟨3, 𝐷⟩}):({0, 1} ∪ {2, 3})–1-1-onto→({𝐴, 𝐵} ∪ {𝐶, 𝐷})))
Theorem	s4f1o 14640	A length 4 word with mutually different symbols is a one-to-one function onto the set of the symbols. (Contributed by Alexander van der Vekens, 14-Aug-2017.)
⊢ (((𝐴 ∈ 𝑆 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑆) ∧ (𝐶 ∈ 𝑆 ∧ 𝐷 ∈ 𝑆)) → (((𝐴 ≠ 𝐵 ∧ 𝐴 ≠ 𝐶 ∧ 𝐴 ≠ 𝐷) ∧ (𝐵 ≠ 𝐶 ∧ 𝐵 ≠ 𝐷 ∧ 𝐶 ≠ 𝐷)) → (𝐸 = ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷”⟩ → 𝐸:dom 𝐸–1-1-onto→({𝐴, 𝐵} ∪ {𝐶, 𝐷}))))
Theorem	s4dom 14641	The domain of a length 4 word is the union of two (disjunct) pairs. (Contributed by Alexander van der Vekens, 15-Aug-2017.)
⊢ (((𝐴 ∈ 𝑆 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑆) ∧ (𝐶 ∈ 𝑆 ∧ 𝐷 ∈ 𝑆)) → (𝐸 = ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷”⟩ → dom 𝐸 = ({0, 1} ∪ {2, 3})))
Theorem	s2co 14642	Mapping a doubleton word by a function. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-Feb-2016.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹:𝑋⟶𝑌)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ∈ 𝑋)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐹 ∘ ⟨“𝐴𝐵”⟩) = ⟨“(𝐹‘𝐴)(𝐹‘𝐵)”⟩)
Theorem	s3co 14643	Mapping a length 3 string by a function. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-Feb-2016.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹:𝑋⟶𝑌)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ∈ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ 𝑋)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐹 ∘ ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶”⟩) = ⟨“(𝐹‘𝐴)(𝐹‘𝐵)(𝐹‘𝐶)”⟩)
Theorem	s0s1 14644	Concatenation of fixed length strings. (This special case of ccatlid 14300 is provided to complete the pattern s0s1 14644, df-s2 14570, df-s3 14571, ...) (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 28-Feb-2016.)
⊢ ⟨“𝐴”⟩ = (∅ ++ ⟨“𝐴”⟩)
Theorem	s1s2 14645	Concatenation of fixed length strings. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 26-Feb-2016.)
⊢ ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶”⟩ = (⟨“𝐴”⟩ ++ ⟨“𝐵𝐶”⟩)
Theorem	s1s3 14646	Concatenation of fixed length strings. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 26-Feb-2016.)
⊢ ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷”⟩ = (⟨“𝐴”⟩ ++ ⟨“𝐵𝐶𝐷”⟩)
Theorem	s1s4 14647	Concatenation of fixed length strings. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 26-Feb-2016.)
⊢ ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸”⟩ = (⟨“𝐴”⟩ ++ ⟨“𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸”⟩)
Theorem	s1s5 14648	Concatenation of fixed length strings. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 26-Feb-2016.)
⊢ ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸𝐹”⟩ = (⟨“𝐴”⟩ ++ ⟨“𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸𝐹”⟩)
Theorem	s1s6 14649	Concatenation of fixed length strings. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 26-Feb-2016.)
⊢ ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸𝐹𝐺”⟩ = (⟨“𝐴”⟩ ++ ⟨“𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸𝐹𝐺”⟩)
Theorem	s1s7 14650	Concatenation of fixed length strings. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 26-Feb-2016.)
⊢ ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸𝐹𝐺𝐻”⟩ = (⟨“𝐴”⟩ ++ ⟨“𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸𝐹𝐺𝐻”⟩)
Theorem	s2s2 14651	Concatenation of fixed length strings. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 26-Feb-2016.)
⊢ ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷”⟩ = (⟨“𝐴𝐵”⟩ ++ ⟨“𝐶𝐷”⟩)
Theorem	s4s2 14652	Concatenation of fixed length strings. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 26-Feb-2016.)
⊢ ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸𝐹”⟩ = (⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷”⟩ ++ ⟨“𝐸𝐹”⟩)
Theorem	s4s3 14653	Concatenation of fixed length strings. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 26-Feb-2016.)
⊢ ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸𝐹𝐺”⟩ = (⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷”⟩ ++ ⟨“𝐸𝐹𝐺”⟩)
Theorem	s4s4 14654	Concatenation of fixed length strings. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 26-Feb-2016.)
⊢ ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸𝐹𝐺𝐻”⟩ = (⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷”⟩ ++ ⟨“𝐸𝐹𝐺𝐻”⟩)
Theorem	s3s4 14655	Concatenation of fixed length strings. (Contributed by AV, 1-Mar-2021.)
⊢ ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸𝐹𝐺”⟩ = (⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶”⟩ ++ ⟨“𝐷𝐸𝐹𝐺”⟩)
Theorem	s2s5 14656	Concatenation of fixed length strings. (Contributed by AV, 1-Mar-2021.)
⊢ ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸𝐹𝐺”⟩ = (⟨“𝐴𝐵”⟩ ++ ⟨“𝐶𝐷𝐸𝐹𝐺”⟩)
Theorem	s5s2 14657	Concatenation of fixed length strings. (Contributed by AV, 1-Mar-2021.)
⊢ ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸𝐹𝐺”⟩ = (⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸”⟩ ++ ⟨“𝐹𝐺”⟩)
Theorem	s2eq2s1eq 14658	Two length 2 words are equal iff the corresponding singleton words consisting of their symbols are equal. (Contributed by Alexander van der Vekens, 24-Sep-2018.)
⊢ (((𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑉) ∧ (𝐶 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐷 ∈ 𝑉)) → (⟨“𝐴𝐵”⟩ = ⟨“𝐶𝐷”⟩ ↔ (⟨“𝐴”⟩ = ⟨“𝐶”⟩ ∧ ⟨“𝐵”⟩ = ⟨“𝐷”⟩)))
Theorem	s2eq2seq 14659	Two length 2 words are equal iff the corresponding symbols are equal. (Contributed by AV, 20-Oct-2018.)
⊢ (((𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑉) ∧ (𝐶 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐷 ∈ 𝑉)) → (⟨“𝐴𝐵”⟩ = ⟨“𝐶𝐷”⟩ ↔ (𝐴 = 𝐶 ∧ 𝐵 = 𝐷)))
Theorem	s3eqs2s1eq 14660	Two length 3 words are equal iff the corresponding length 2 words and singleton words consisting of their symbols are equal. (Contributed by AV, 4-Jan-2022.)
⊢ (((𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐶 ∈ 𝑉) ∧ (𝐷 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐸 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐹 ∈ 𝑉)) → (⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶”⟩ = ⟨“𝐷𝐸𝐹”⟩ ↔ (⟨“𝐴𝐵”⟩ = ⟨“𝐷𝐸”⟩ ∧ ⟨“𝐶”⟩ = ⟨“𝐹”⟩)))
Theorem	s3eq3seq 14661	Two length 3 words are equal iff the corresponding symbols are equal. (Contributed by AV, 4-Jan-2022.)
⊢ (((𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐶 ∈ 𝑉) ∧ (𝐷 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐸 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐹 ∈ 𝑉)) → (⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶”⟩ = ⟨“𝐷𝐸𝐹”⟩ ↔ (𝐴 = 𝐷 ∧ 𝐵 = 𝐸 ∧ 𝐶 = 𝐹)))
Theorem	swrds2 14662	Extract two adjacent symbols from a word. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 23-Aug-2015.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 26-Feb-2016.)
⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ Word 𝐴 ∧ 𝐼 ∈ ℕ0 ∧ (𝐼 + 1) ∈ (0..^(♯‘𝑊))) → (𝑊 substr ⟨𝐼, (𝐼 + 2)⟩) = ⟨“(𝑊‘𝐼)(𝑊‘(𝐼 + 1))”⟩)
Theorem	swrds2m 14663	Extract two adjacent symbols from a word in reverse direction. (Contributed by AV, 11-May-2022.)
⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ (2...(♯‘𝑊))) → (𝑊 substr ⟨(𝑁 − 2), 𝑁⟩) = ⟨“(𝑊‘(𝑁 − 2))(𝑊‘(𝑁 − 1))”⟩)
Theorem	wrdlen2i 14664	Implications of a word of length two. (Contributed by AV, 27-Jul-2018.) (Proof shortened by AV, 14-Oct-2018.)
⊢ ((𝑆 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝑇 ∈ 𝑉) → (𝑊 = {⟨0, 𝑆⟩, ⟨1, 𝑇⟩} → ((𝑊 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ (♯‘𝑊) = 2) ∧ ((𝑊‘0) = 𝑆 ∧ (𝑊‘1) = 𝑇))))
Theorem	wrd2pr2op 14665	A word of length two represented as unordered pair of ordered pairs. (Contributed by AV, 20-Oct-2018.) (Proof shortened by AV, 26-Jan-2021.)
⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ (♯‘𝑊) = 2) → 𝑊 = {⟨0, (𝑊‘0)⟩, ⟨1, (𝑊‘1)⟩})
Theorem	wrdlen2 14666	A word of length two. (Contributed by AV, 20-Oct-2018.)
⊢ ((𝑆 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝑇 ∈ 𝑉) → (𝑊 = {⟨0, 𝑆⟩, ⟨1, 𝑇⟩} ↔ ((𝑊 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ (♯‘𝑊) = 2) ∧ ((𝑊‘0) = 𝑆 ∧ (𝑊‘1) = 𝑇))))
Theorem	wrdlen2s2 14667	A word of length two as doubleton word. (Contributed by AV, 20-Oct-2018.)
⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ (♯‘𝑊) = 2) → 𝑊 = ⟨“(𝑊‘0)(𝑊‘1)”⟩)
Theorem	wrdl2exs2 14668*	A word of length two is a doubleton word. (Contributed by AV, 25-Jan-2021.)
⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ Word 𝑆 ∧ (♯‘𝑊) = 2) → ∃𝑠 ∈ 𝑆 ∃𝑡 ∈ 𝑆 𝑊 = ⟨“𝑠𝑡”⟩)
Theorem	pfx2 14669	A prefix of length two. (Contributed by AV, 15-May-2020.)
⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 2 ≤ (♯‘𝑊)) → (𝑊 prefix 2) = ⟨“(𝑊‘0)(𝑊‘1)”⟩)
Theorem	wrd3tpop 14670	A word of length three represented as triple of ordered pairs. (Contributed by AV, 26-Jan-2021.)
⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ (♯‘𝑊) = 3) → 𝑊 = {⟨0, (𝑊‘0)⟩, ⟨1, (𝑊‘1)⟩, ⟨2, (𝑊‘2)⟩})
Theorem	wrdlen3s3 14671	A word of length three as length 3 string. (Contributed by AV, 26-Jan-2021.)
⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ (♯‘𝑊) = 3) → 𝑊 = ⟨“(𝑊‘0)(𝑊‘1)(𝑊‘2)”⟩)
Theorem	repsw2 14672	The "repeated symbol word" of length two. (Contributed by AV, 6-Nov-2018.)
⊢ (𝑆 ∈ 𝑉 → (𝑆 repeatS 2) = ⟨“𝑆𝑆”⟩)
Theorem	repsw3 14673	The "repeated symbol word" of length three. (Contributed by AV, 6-Nov-2018.)
⊢ (𝑆 ∈ 𝑉 → (𝑆 repeatS 3) = ⟨“𝑆𝑆𝑆”⟩)
Theorem	swrd2lsw 14674	Extract the last two symbols from a word. (Contributed by Alexander van der Vekens, 23-Sep-2018.)
⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 1 < (♯‘𝑊)) → (𝑊 substr ⟨((♯‘𝑊) − 2), (♯‘𝑊)⟩) = ⟨“(𝑊‘((♯‘𝑊) − 2))(lastS‘𝑊)”⟩)
Theorem	2swrd2eqwrdeq 14675	Two words of length at least two are equal if and only if they have the same prefix and the same two single symbols suffix. (Contributed by AV, 24-Sep-2018.) (Revised by AV, 12-Oct-2022.)
⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝑈 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 1 < (♯‘𝑊)) → (𝑊 = 𝑈 ↔ ((♯‘𝑊) = (♯‘𝑈) ∧ ((𝑊 prefix ((♯‘𝑊) − 2)) = (𝑈 prefix ((♯‘𝑊) − 2)) ∧ (𝑊‘((♯‘𝑊) − 2)) = (𝑈‘((♯‘𝑊) − 2)) ∧ (lastS‘𝑊) = (lastS‘𝑈)))))
Theorem	ccatw2s1ccatws2 14676	The concatenation of a word with two singleton words equals the concatenation of the word with the doubleton word consisting of the symbols of the two singletons. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro/AV, 21-Oct-2018.) (Revised by AV, 29-Jan-2024.)
⊢ (𝑊 ∈ Word 𝑉 → ((𝑊 ++ ⟨“𝑋”⟩) ++ ⟨“𝑌”⟩) = (𝑊 ++ ⟨“𝑋𝑌”⟩))
Theorem	ccatw2s1ccatws2OLD 14677	Obsolete version of ccatw2s1ccatws2 14676 as of 29-Jan-2024. The concatenation of a word with two singleton words equals the concatenation of the word with the doubleton word consisting of the symbols of the two singletons. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro/AV, 21-Oct-2018.) (New usage is discouraged.) (Proof modification is discouraged.)
⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝑋 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝑌 ∈ 𝑉) → ((𝑊 ++ ⟨“𝑋”⟩) ++ ⟨“𝑌”⟩) = (𝑊 ++ ⟨“𝑋𝑌”⟩))
Theorem	ccat2s1fvwALT 14678	Alternate proof of ccat2s1fvw 14358 using words of length 2, see df-s2 14570. A symbol of the concatenation of a word with two single symbols corresponding to the symbol of the word. (Contributed by AV, 22-Sep-2018.) (Proof shortened by Mario Carneiro/AV, 21-Oct-2018.) (Revised by AV, 28-Jan-2024.) (New usage is discouraged.) (Proof modification is discouraged.)
⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝐼 ∈ ℕ0 ∧ 𝐼 < (♯‘𝑊)) → (((𝑊 ++ ⟨“𝑋”⟩) ++ ⟨“𝑌”⟩)‘𝐼) = (𝑊‘𝐼))
Theorem	ccat2s1fvwALTOLD 14679	Obsolete version of ccat2s1fvwALT 14678 as of 28-Jan-2024. Alternate proof of ccat2s1fvwOLD 14359 using words of length 2, see df-s2 14570. A symbol of the concatenation of a word with two single symbols corresponding to the symbol of the word. (Contributed by AV, 22-Sep-2018.) (Proof shortened by Mario Carneiro/AV, 21-Oct-2018.) (New usage is discouraged.) (Proof modification is discouraged.)
⊢ (((𝑊 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝐼 ∈ ℕ0 ∧ 𝐼 < (♯‘𝑊)) ∧ (𝑋 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝑌 ∈ 𝑉)) → (((𝑊 ++ ⟨“𝑋”⟩) ++ ⟨“𝑌”⟩)‘𝐼) = (𝑊‘𝐼))
Theorem	wwlktovf 14680*	Lemma 1 for wrd2f1tovbij 14684. (Contributed by Alexander van der Vekens, 27-Jul-2018.)
⊢ 𝐷 = {𝑤 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∣ ((♯‘𝑤) = 2 ∧ (𝑤‘0) = 𝑃 ∧ {(𝑤‘0), (𝑤‘1)} ∈ 𝑋)}    &   ⊢ 𝑅 = {𝑛 ∈ 𝑉 ∣ {𝑃, 𝑛} ∈ 𝑋}    &   ⊢ 𝐹 = (𝑡 ∈ 𝐷 ↦ (𝑡‘1))    ⇒   ⊢ 𝐹:𝐷⟶𝑅
Theorem	wwlktovf1 14681*	Lemma 2 for wrd2f1tovbij 14684. (Contributed by Alexander van der Vekens, 27-Jul-2018.)
⊢ 𝐷 = {𝑤 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∣ ((♯‘𝑤) = 2 ∧ (𝑤‘0) = 𝑃 ∧ {(𝑤‘0), (𝑤‘1)} ∈ 𝑋)}    &   ⊢ 𝑅 = {𝑛 ∈ 𝑉 ∣ {𝑃, 𝑛} ∈ 𝑋}    &   ⊢ 𝐹 = (𝑡 ∈ 𝐷 ↦ (𝑡‘1))    ⇒   ⊢ 𝐹:𝐷–1-1→𝑅
Theorem	wwlktovfo 14682*	Lemma 3 for wrd2f1tovbij 14684. (Contributed by Alexander van der Vekens, 27-Jul-2018.)
⊢ 𝐷 = {𝑤 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∣ ((♯‘𝑤) = 2 ∧ (𝑤‘0) = 𝑃 ∧ {(𝑤‘0), (𝑤‘1)} ∈ 𝑋)}    &   ⊢ 𝑅 = {𝑛 ∈ 𝑉 ∣ {𝑃, 𝑛} ∈ 𝑋}    &   ⊢ 𝐹 = (𝑡 ∈ 𝐷 ↦ (𝑡‘1))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝑃 ∈ 𝑉 → 𝐹:𝐷–onto→𝑅)
Theorem	wwlktovf1o 14683*	Lemma 4 for wrd2f1tovbij 14684. (Contributed by Alexander van der Vekens, 28-Jul-2018.)
⊢ 𝐷 = {𝑤 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∣ ((♯‘𝑤) = 2 ∧ (𝑤‘0) = 𝑃 ∧ {(𝑤‘0), (𝑤‘1)} ∈ 𝑋)}    &   ⊢ 𝑅 = {𝑛 ∈ 𝑉 ∣ {𝑃, 𝑛} ∈ 𝑋}    &   ⊢ 𝐹 = (𝑡 ∈ 𝐷 ↦ (𝑡‘1))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝑃 ∈ 𝑉 → 𝐹:𝐷–1-1-onto→𝑅)
Theorem	wrd2f1tovbij 14684*	There is a bijection between words of length two with a fixed first symbol contained in a pair and the symbols contained in a pair together with the fixed symbol. (Contributed by Alexander van der Vekens, 28-Jul-2018.)
⊢ ((𝑉 ∈ 𝑌 ∧ 𝑃 ∈ 𝑉) → ∃𝑓 𝑓:{𝑤 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∣ ((♯‘𝑤) = 2 ∧ (𝑤‘0) = 𝑃 ∧ {(𝑤‘0), (𝑤‘1)} ∈ 𝑋)}–1-1-onto→{𝑛 ∈ 𝑉 ∣ {𝑃, 𝑛} ∈ 𝑋})
Theorem	eqwrds3 14685	A word is equal with a length 3 string iff it has length 3 and the same symbol at each position. (Contributed by AV, 12-May-2021.)
⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ (𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐶 ∈ 𝑉)) → (𝑊 = ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶”⟩ ↔ ((♯‘𝑊) = 3 ∧ ((𝑊‘0) = 𝐴 ∧ (𝑊‘1) = 𝐵 ∧ (𝑊‘2) = 𝐶))))
Theorem	wrdl3s3 14686*	A word of length 3 is a length 3 string. (Contributed by AV, 18-May-2021.)
⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ (♯‘𝑊) = 3) ↔ ∃𝑎 ∈ 𝑉 ∃𝑏 ∈ 𝑉 ∃𝑐 ∈ 𝑉 𝑊 = ⟨“𝑎𝑏𝑐”⟩)
Theorem	s3sndisj 14687*	The singletons consisting of length 3 strings which have distinct third symbols are disjunct. (Contributed by AV, 17-May-2021.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ 𝑋 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑌) → Disj 𝑐 ∈ 𝑍 {⟨“𝐴𝐵𝑐”⟩})
Theorem	s3iunsndisj 14688*	The union of singletons consisting of length 3 strings which have distinct first and third symbols are disjunct. (Contributed by AV, 17-May-2021.)
⊢ (𝐵 ∈ 𝑋 → Disj 𝑎 ∈ 𝑌 ∪ 𝑐 ∈ (𝑍 ∖ {𝑎}){⟨“𝑎𝐵𝑐”⟩})
Theorem	ofccat 14689	Letterwise operations on word concatenations. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 28-Sep-2018.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐸 ∈ Word 𝑆)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹 ∈ Word 𝑆)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐺 ∈ Word 𝑇)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐻 ∈ Word 𝑇)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (♯‘𝐸) = (♯‘𝐺))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (♯‘𝐹) = (♯‘𝐻))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ((𝐸 ++ 𝐹) ∘f 𝑅(𝐺 ++ 𝐻)) = ((𝐸 ∘f 𝑅𝐺) ++ (𝐹 ∘f 𝑅𝐻)))
Theorem	ofs1 14690	Letterwise operations on a single letter word. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 7-Oct-2018.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ 𝑆 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑇) → (⟨“𝐴”⟩ ∘f 𝑅⟨“𝐵”⟩) = ⟨“(𝐴𝑅𝐵)”⟩)
Theorem	ofs2 14691	Letterwise operations on a double letter word. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 7-Oct-2018.)
⊢ (((𝐴 ∈ 𝑆 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑆) ∧ (𝐶 ∈ 𝑇 ∧ 𝐷 ∈ 𝑇)) → (⟨“𝐴𝐵”⟩ ∘f 𝑅⟨“𝐶𝐷”⟩) = ⟨“(𝐴𝑅𝐶)(𝐵𝑅𝐷)”⟩)
5.8  Reflexive and transitive closures of relations A relation, 𝑅, has the reflexive property if 𝐴𝑅𝐴 holds whenever 𝐴 is an element which could be related by the relation, namely, an element of its domain or range. Eliminating dummy variables, we see that a segment of the identity relation must be a subset of the relation, or ( I ↾ (ran 𝑅 ∪ dom 𝑅)) ⊆ 𝑅. See idref 7027. A relation, 𝑅, has the transitive property if 𝐴𝑅𝐶 holds whenever there exists an intermediate value 𝐵 such that both 𝐴𝑅𝐵 and 𝐵𝑅𝐶 hold. This can be expressed without dummy variables as (𝑅 ∘ 𝑅) ⊆ 𝑅. See cotr 6022. The transitive closure of a relation, (t+‘𝑅), is the smallest superset of the relation which has the transitive property. Likewise, the reflexive-transitive closure, (t*‘𝑅), is the smallest superset which has both the reflexive and transitive properties. Not to be confused with the transitive closure of a set, trcl 9495, which is a closure relative to a different transitive property, df-tr 5193.
5.8.1  The reflexive and transitive properties of relations
Theorem	coss12d 14692	Subset deduction for composition of two classes. (Contributed by RP, 24-Dec-2019.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ⊆ 𝐵)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ⊆ 𝐷)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐴 ∘ 𝐶) ⊆ (𝐵 ∘ 𝐷))
Theorem	trrelssd 14693	The composition of subclasses of a transitive relation is a subclass of that relation. (Contributed by RP, 24-Dec-2019.)
⊢ (𝜑 → (𝑅 ∘ 𝑅) ⊆ 𝑅)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑆 ⊆ 𝑅)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑇 ⊆ 𝑅)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝑆 ∘ 𝑇) ⊆ 𝑅)
Theorem	xpcogend 14694	The most interesting case of the composition of two Cartesian products. (Contributed by RP, 24-Dec-2019.)
⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐵 ∩ 𝐶) ≠ ∅)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ((𝐶 × 𝐷) ∘ (𝐴 × 𝐵)) = (𝐴 × 𝐷))
Theorem	xpcoidgend 14695	If two classes are not disjoint, then the composition of their Cartesian product with itself is idempotent. (Contributed by RP, 24-Dec-2019.)
⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐴 ∩ 𝐵) ≠ ∅)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ((𝐴 × 𝐵) ∘ (𝐴 × 𝐵)) = (𝐴 × 𝐵))
Theorem	cotr2g 14696*	Two ways of saying that the composition of two relations is included in a third relation. See its special instance cotr2 14697 for the main application. (Contributed by RP, 22-Mar-2020.)
⊢ dom 𝐵 ⊆ 𝐷    &   ⊢ (ran 𝐵 ∩ dom 𝐴) ⊆ 𝐸    &   ⊢ ran 𝐴 ⊆ 𝐹    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐴 ∘ 𝐵) ⊆ 𝐶 ↔ ∀𝑥 ∈ 𝐷 ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝐸 ∀𝑧 ∈ 𝐹 ((𝑥𝐵𝑦 ∧ 𝑦𝐴𝑧) → 𝑥𝐶𝑧))
Theorem	cotr2 14697*	Two ways of saying a relation is transitive. Special instance of cotr2g 14696. (Contributed by RP, 22-Mar-2020.)
⊢ dom 𝑅 ⊆ 𝐴    &   ⊢ (dom 𝑅 ∩ ran 𝑅) ⊆ 𝐵    &   ⊢ ran 𝑅 ⊆ 𝐶    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝑅 ∘ 𝑅) ⊆ 𝑅 ↔ ∀𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝐵 ∀𝑧 ∈ 𝐶 ((𝑥𝑅𝑦 ∧ 𝑦𝑅𝑧) → 𝑥𝑅𝑧))
Theorem	cotr3 14698*	Two ways of saying a relation is transitive. (Contributed by RP, 22-Mar-2020.)
⊢ 𝐴 = dom 𝑅    &   ⊢ 𝐵 = (𝐴 ∩ 𝐶)    &   ⊢ 𝐶 = ran 𝑅    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝑅 ∘ 𝑅) ⊆ 𝑅 ↔ ∀𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝐵 ∀𝑧 ∈ 𝐶 ((𝑥𝑅𝑦 ∧ 𝑦𝑅𝑧) → 𝑥𝑅𝑧))
Theorem	coemptyd 14699	Deduction about composition of classes with no relational content in common. (Contributed by RP, 24-Dec-2019.)
⊢ (𝜑 → (dom 𝐴 ∩ ran 𝐵) = ∅)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐴 ∘ 𝐵) = ∅)
Theorem	xptrrel 14700	The cross product is always a transitive relation. (Contributed by RP, 24-Dec-2019.)
⊢ ((𝐴 × 𝐵) ∘ (𝐴 × 𝐵)) ⊆ (𝐴 × 𝐵)