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Type | Label | Description |
---|---|---|
Statement | ||
Theorem | moabs 2601 | Absorption of existence condition by uniqueness. (Contributed by NM, 4-Nov-2002.) Shorten proof and avoid df-eu 2629. (Revised by BJ, 14-Oct-2022.) |
⊢ (∃*𝑥𝜑 ↔ (∃𝑥𝜑 → ∃*𝑥𝜑)) | ||
Theorem | moim 2602 | The at-most-one quantifier reverses implication. (Contributed by NM, 22-Apr-1995.) |
⊢ (∀𝑥(𝜑 → 𝜓) → (∃*𝑥𝜓 → ∃*𝑥𝜑)) | ||
Theorem | moimi 2603 | The at-most-one quantifier reverses implication. (Contributed by NM, 15-Feb-2006.) Remove use of ax-5 1911. (Revised by Steven Nguyen, 9-May-2023.) |
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝜓) ⇒ ⊢ (∃*𝑥𝜓 → ∃*𝑥𝜑) | ||
Theorem | moimdv 2604* | The at-most-one quantifier reverses implication, deduction form. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 25-Feb-2017.) |
⊢ (𝜑 → (𝜓 → 𝜒)) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → (∃*𝑥𝜒 → ∃*𝑥𝜓)) | ||
Theorem | mobi 2605 | Equivalence theorem for the at-most-one quantifier. (Contributed by BJ, 7-Oct-2022.) (Proof shortened by Wolf Lammen, 18-Feb-2023.) |
⊢ (∀𝑥(𝜑 ↔ 𝜓) → (∃*𝑥𝜑 ↔ ∃*𝑥𝜓)) | ||
Theorem | mobii 2606 | Formula-building rule for the at-most-one quantifier (inference form). (Contributed by NM, 9-Mar-1995.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 17-Oct-2016.) Avoid ax-5 1911. (Revised by Wolf Lammen, 24-Sep-2023.) |
⊢ (𝜓 ↔ 𝜒) ⇒ ⊢ (∃*𝑥𝜓 ↔ ∃*𝑥𝜒) | ||
Theorem | mobiiOLD 2607 | Obsolete version of mobii 2606 as of 24-Sep-2023. (Contributed by NM, 9-Mar-1995.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 17-Oct-2016.) (Proof modification is discouraged.) (New usage is discouraged.) |
⊢ (𝜓 ↔ 𝜒) ⇒ ⊢ (∃*𝑥𝜓 ↔ ∃*𝑥𝜒) | ||
Theorem | mobidv 2608* | Formula-building rule for the at-most-one quantifier (deduction form). (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 7-Oct-2016.) Reduce axiom dependencies and shorten proof. (Revised by BJ, 7-Oct-2022.) |
⊢ (𝜑 → (𝜓 ↔ 𝜒)) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → (∃*𝑥𝜓 ↔ ∃*𝑥𝜒)) | ||
Theorem | mobid 2609 | Formula-building rule for the at-most-one quantifier (deduction form). (Contributed by NM, 8-Mar-1995.) Remove dependency on ax-10 2142, ax-11 2158, ax-13 2379. (Revised by BJ, 14-Oct-2022.) (Proof shortened by Wolf Lammen, 18-Feb-2023.) |
⊢ Ⅎ𝑥𝜑 & ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝜓 ↔ 𝜒)) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → (∃*𝑥𝜓 ↔ ∃*𝑥𝜒)) | ||
Theorem | moa1 2610 | If an implication holds for at most one value, then its consequent holds for at most one value. See also ala1 1815 and exa1 1839. (Contributed by NM, 28-Jul-1995.) (Proof shortened by Wolf Lammen, 22-Dec-2018.) (Revised by BJ, 29-Mar-2021.) |
⊢ (∃*𝑥(𝜑 → 𝜓) → ∃*𝑥𝜓) | ||
Theorem | moan 2611 | "At most one" is still the case when a conjunct is added. (Contributed by NM, 22-Apr-1995.) |
⊢ (∃*𝑥𝜑 → ∃*𝑥(𝜓 ∧ 𝜑)) | ||
Theorem | moani 2612 | "At most one" is still true when a conjunct is added. (Contributed by NM, 9-Mar-1995.) |
⊢ ∃*𝑥𝜑 ⇒ ⊢ ∃*𝑥(𝜓 ∧ 𝜑) | ||
Theorem | moor 2613 | "At most one" is still the case when a disjunct is removed. (Contributed by NM, 5-Apr-2004.) |
⊢ (∃*𝑥(𝜑 ∨ 𝜓) → ∃*𝑥𝜑) | ||
Theorem | mooran1 2614 | "At most one" imports disjunction to conjunction. (Contributed by NM, 5-Apr-2004.) (Proof shortened by Andrew Salmon, 9-Jul-2011.) |
⊢ ((∃*𝑥𝜑 ∨ ∃*𝑥𝜓) → ∃*𝑥(𝜑 ∧ 𝜓)) | ||
Theorem | mooran2 2615 | "At most one" exports disjunction to conjunction. (Contributed by NM, 5-Apr-2004.) (Proof shortened by Andrew Salmon, 9-Jul-2011.) |
⊢ (∃*𝑥(𝜑 ∨ 𝜓) → (∃*𝑥𝜑 ∧ ∃*𝑥𝜓)) | ||
Theorem | nfmo1 2616 | Bound-variable hypothesis builder for the at-most-one quantifier. (Contributed by NM, 8-Mar-1995.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 7-Oct-2016.) Adapt to new definition. (Revised by BJ, 1-Oct-2022.) |
⊢ Ⅎ𝑥∃*𝑥𝜑 | ||
Theorem | nfmod2 2617 | Bound-variable hypothesis builder for the at-most-one quantifier. Usage of this theorem is discouraged because it depends on ax-13 2379. See nfmodv 2618 for a version replacing the distinctor with a disjoint variable condition, not requiring ax-13 2379. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 14-Nov-2016.) Avoid df-eu 2629. (Revised by BJ, 14-Oct-2022.) (New usage is discouraged.) |
⊢ Ⅎ𝑦𝜑 & ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ ¬ ∀𝑥 𝑥 = 𝑦) → Ⅎ𝑥𝜓) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → Ⅎ𝑥∃*𝑦𝜓) | ||
Theorem | nfmodv 2618* | Bound-variable hypothesis builder for the at-most-one quantifier. See nfmod 2620 for a version without disjoint variable conditions but requiring ax-13 2379. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 14-Nov-2016.) (Revised by BJ, 28-Jan-2023.) |
⊢ Ⅎ𝑦𝜑 & ⊢ (𝜑 → Ⅎ𝑥𝜓) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → Ⅎ𝑥∃*𝑦𝜓) | ||
Theorem | nfmov 2619* | Bound-variable hypothesis builder for the at-most-one quantifier. See nfmo 2621 for a version without disjoint variable conditions but requiring ax-13 2379. (Contributed by NM, 9-Mar-1995.) (Revised by Wolf Lammen, 2-Oct-2023.) |
⊢ Ⅎ𝑥𝜑 ⇒ ⊢ Ⅎ𝑥∃*𝑦𝜑 | ||
Theorem | nfmod 2620 | Bound-variable hypothesis builder for the at-most-one quantifier. Deduction version of nfmo 2621. Usage of this theorem is discouraged because it depends on ax-13 2379. Use the weaker nfmodv 2618 when possible. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 14-Nov-2016.) (New usage is discouraged.) |
⊢ Ⅎ𝑦𝜑 & ⊢ (𝜑 → Ⅎ𝑥𝜓) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → Ⅎ𝑥∃*𝑦𝜓) | ||
Theorem | nfmo 2621 | Bound-variable hypothesis builder for the at-most-one quantifier. Note that 𝑥 and 𝑦 need not be disjoint. Usage of this theorem is discouraged because it depends on ax-13 2379. Use the weaker nfmov 2619 when possible. (Contributed by NM, 9-Mar-1995.) (New usage is discouraged.) |
⊢ Ⅎ𝑥𝜑 ⇒ ⊢ Ⅎ𝑥∃*𝑦𝜑 | ||
Theorem | mof 2622* | Version of df-mo 2598 with disjoint variable condition replaced by nonfreeness hypothesis. (Contributed by NM, 8-Mar-1995.) Extract dfmo 2657 from this proof, and prove mof 2622 from it (as of 30-Sep-2022, directly from df-mo 2598). (Revised by Wolf Lammen, 28-May-2019.) Avoid ax-13 2379. (Revised by Wolf Lammen, 16-Oct-2022.) |
⊢ Ⅎ𝑦𝜑 ⇒ ⊢ (∃*𝑥𝜑 ↔ ∃𝑦∀𝑥(𝜑 → 𝑥 = 𝑦)) | ||
Theorem | mo3 2623* | Alternate definition of the at-most-one quantifier. Definition of [BellMachover] p. 460, except that definition has the side condition that 𝑦 not occur in 𝜑 in place of our hypothesis. (Contributed by NM, 8-Mar-1995.) (Proof shortened by Wolf Lammen, 18-Aug-2019.) Remove dependency on ax-13 2379. (Revised by BJ and WL, 29-Jan-2023.) |
⊢ Ⅎ𝑦𝜑 ⇒ ⊢ (∃*𝑥𝜑 ↔ ∀𝑥∀𝑦((𝜑 ∧ [𝑦 / 𝑥]𝜑) → 𝑥 = 𝑦)) | ||
Theorem | mo 2624* | Equivalent definitions of "there exists at most one". (Contributed by NM, 7-Aug-1994.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 7-Oct-2016.) (Proof shortened by Wolf Lammen, 2-Dec-2018.) |
⊢ Ⅎ𝑦𝜑 ⇒ ⊢ (∃𝑦∀𝑥(𝜑 → 𝑥 = 𝑦) ↔ ∀𝑥∀𝑦((𝜑 ∧ [𝑦 / 𝑥]𝜑) → 𝑥 = 𝑦)) | ||
Theorem | mo4 2625* |
At-most-one quantifier expressed using implicit substitution. This
theorem is also a direct consequence of mo4f 2626,
but this proof is based
on fewer axioms.
By the way, swapping 𝑥, 𝑦 and 𝜑, 𝜓 leads to an expression for ∃*𝑦𝜓, which is equivalent to ∃*𝑥𝜑 (is a proof line), so the right hand side is a rare instance of an expression where swapping the quantifiers can be done without ax-11 2158. (Contributed by NM, 26-Jul-1995.) Reduce axiom usage. (Revised by Wolf Lammen, 18-Oct-2023.) |
⊢ (𝑥 = 𝑦 → (𝜑 ↔ 𝜓)) ⇒ ⊢ (∃*𝑥𝜑 ↔ ∀𝑥∀𝑦((𝜑 ∧ 𝜓) → 𝑥 = 𝑦)) | ||
Theorem | mo4f 2626* | At-most-one quantifier expressed using implicit substitution. Note that the disjoint variable condition on 𝑦, 𝜑 can be replaced by the nonfreeness hypothesis ⊢ Ⅎ𝑦𝜑 with essentially the same proof. (Contributed by NM, 10-Apr-2004.) Remove dependency on ax-13 2379. (Revised by Wolf Lammen, 19-Jan-2023.) |
⊢ Ⅎ𝑥𝜓 & ⊢ (𝑥 = 𝑦 → (𝜑 ↔ 𝜓)) ⇒ ⊢ (∃*𝑥𝜑 ↔ ∀𝑥∀𝑦((𝜑 ∧ 𝜓) → 𝑥 = 𝑦)) | ||
Theorem | mo4OLD 2627* | Obsolete version of mo4 2625 as of 18-Oct-2023. (Contributed by NM, 26-Jul-1995.) (New usage is discouraged.) (Proof modification is discouraged.) |
⊢ (𝑥 = 𝑦 → (𝜑 ↔ 𝜓)) ⇒ ⊢ (∃*𝑥𝜑 ↔ ∀𝑥∀𝑦((𝜑 ∧ 𝜓) → 𝑥 = 𝑦)) | ||
Syntax | weu 2628 | Extend wff definition to include the unique existential quantifier ("there exists a unique 𝑥 such that 𝜑"). |
wff ∃!𝑥𝜑 | ||
Definition | df-eu 2629 |
Define the existential uniqueness quantifier. This expresses unique
existence, or existential uniqueness, which is the conjunction of
existence (df-ex 1782) and uniqueness (df-mo 2598). The expression
∃!𝑥𝜑 is read "there exists exactly
one 𝑥 such that 𝜑 " or
"there exists a unique 𝑥 such that 𝜑". This is also
called the
"uniqueness quantifier" but that expression is also used for the
at-most-one quantifier df-mo 2598, therefore we avoid that ambiguous name.
Definition 10.1 of [BellMachover] p. 97; also Definition *14.02 of [WhiteheadRussell] p. 175. Other possible definitions are given by eu1 2671, eu2 2670, eu3v 2630, and eu6 2634. As for double unique existence, beware that the expression ∃!𝑥∃!𝑦𝜑 means "there exists a unique 𝑥 such that there exists a unique 𝑦 such that 𝜑 " which is a weaker property than "there exists exactly one 𝑥 and one 𝑦 such that 𝜑 " (see 2eu4 2716). (Contributed by NM, 12-Aug-1993.) Make this the definition (which used to be eu6 2634, while this definition was then proved as dfeu 2656). (Revised by BJ, 30-Sep-2022.) |
⊢ (∃!𝑥𝜑 ↔ (∃𝑥𝜑 ∧ ∃*𝑥𝜑)) | ||
Theorem | eu3v 2630* | An alternate way to express existential uniqueness. (Contributed by NM, 8-Jul-1994.) Replace a nonfreeness hypothesis with a disjoint variable condition on 𝜑, 𝑦 to reduce axiom usage. (Revised by Wolf Lammen, 29-May-2019.) |
⊢ (∃!𝑥𝜑 ↔ (∃𝑥𝜑 ∧ ∃𝑦∀𝑥(𝜑 → 𝑥 = 𝑦))) | ||
Theorem | eujust 2631* | Soundness justification theorem for eu6 2634 when this was the definition of the unique existential quantifier (note that 𝑦 and 𝑧 need not be disjoint, although the weaker theorem with that disjoint variable condition added would be enough to justify the soundness of the definition). See eujustALT 2632 for a proof that provides an example of how it can be achieved through the use of dvelim 2462. (Contributed by NM, 11-Mar-2010.) (Proof shortened by Andrew Salmon, 9-Jul-2011.) |
⊢ (∃𝑦∀𝑥(𝜑 ↔ 𝑥 = 𝑦) ↔ ∃𝑧∀𝑥(𝜑 ↔ 𝑥 = 𝑧)) | ||
Theorem | eujustALT 2632* | Alternate proof of eujust 2631 illustrating the use of dvelim 2462. (Contributed by NM, 11-Mar-2010.) (Proof modification is discouraged.) (New usage is discouraged.) |
⊢ (∃𝑦∀𝑥(𝜑 ↔ 𝑥 = 𝑦) ↔ ∃𝑧∀𝑥(𝜑 ↔ 𝑥 = 𝑧)) | ||
Theorem | eu6lem 2633* | Lemma of eu6im 2635. A dissection of an idiom characterizing existential uniqueness. (Contributed by NM, 12-Aug-1993.) This used to be the definition of the unique existential quantifier, while df-eu 2629 was then proved as dfeu 2656. (Revised by BJ, 30-Sep-2022.) (Proof shortened by Wolf Lammen, 3-Jan-2023.) Extract common proof lines. (Revised by Wolf Lammen, 3-Mar-2023.) |
⊢ (∃𝑦∀𝑥(𝜑 ↔ 𝑥 = 𝑦) ↔ (∃𝑦∀𝑥(𝑥 = 𝑦 → 𝜑) ∧ ∃𝑧∀𝑥(𝜑 → 𝑥 = 𝑧))) | ||
Theorem | eu6 2634* | Alternate definition of the unique existential quantifier df-eu 2629 not using the at-most-one quantifier. (Contributed by NM, 12-Aug-1993.) This used to be the definition of the unique existential quantifier, while df-eu 2629 was then proved as dfeu 2656. (Revised by BJ, 30-Sep-2022.) (Proof shortened by Wolf Lammen, 3-Jan-2023.) Remove use of ax-11 2158. (Revised by SN, 21-Sep-2023.) |
⊢ (∃!𝑥𝜑 ↔ ∃𝑦∀𝑥(𝜑 ↔ 𝑥 = 𝑦)) | ||
Theorem | eu6im 2635* | One direction of eu6 2634 needs fewer axioms. (Contributed by Wolf Lammen, 2-Mar-2023.) |
⊢ (∃𝑦∀𝑥(𝜑 ↔ 𝑥 = 𝑦) → ∃!𝑥𝜑) | ||
Theorem | euf 2636* | Version of eu6 2634 with disjoint variable condition replaced by nonfreeness hypothesis. (Contributed by NM, 12-Aug-1993.) (Proof shortened by Wolf Lammen, 30-Oct-2018.) Avoid ax-13 2379. (Revised by Wolf Lammen, 16-Oct-2022.) |
⊢ Ⅎ𝑦𝜑 ⇒ ⊢ (∃!𝑥𝜑 ↔ ∃𝑦∀𝑥(𝜑 ↔ 𝑥 = 𝑦)) | ||
Theorem | euex 2637 | Existential uniqueness implies existence. (Contributed by NM, 15-Sep-1993.) (Proof shortened by Andrew Salmon, 9-Jul-2011.) (Proof shortened by Wolf Lammen, 4-Dec-2018.) (Proof shortened by BJ, 7-Oct-2022.) |
⊢ (∃!𝑥𝜑 → ∃𝑥𝜑) | ||
Theorem | eumo 2638 | Existential uniqueness implies uniqueness. (Contributed by NM, 23-Mar-1995.) |
⊢ (∃!𝑥𝜑 → ∃*𝑥𝜑) | ||
Theorem | eumoi 2639 | Uniqueness inferred from existential uniqueness. (Contributed by NM, 5-Apr-1995.) |
⊢ ∃!𝑥𝜑 ⇒ ⊢ ∃*𝑥𝜑 | ||
Theorem | exmoeub 2640 | Existence implies that uniqueness is equivalent to unique existence. (Contributed by NM, 5-Apr-2004.) |
⊢ (∃𝑥𝜑 → (∃*𝑥𝜑 ↔ ∃!𝑥𝜑)) | ||
Theorem | exmoeu 2641 | Existence is equivalent to uniqueness implying existential uniqueness. (Contributed by NM, 5-Apr-2004.) (Proof shortened by Wolf Lammen, 5-Dec-2018.) (Proof shortened by BJ, 7-Oct-2022.) |
⊢ (∃𝑥𝜑 ↔ (∃*𝑥𝜑 → ∃!𝑥𝜑)) | ||
Theorem | moeuex 2642 | Uniqueness implies that existence is equivalent to unique existence. (Contributed by BJ, 7-Oct-2022.) |
⊢ (∃*𝑥𝜑 → (∃𝑥𝜑 ↔ ∃!𝑥𝜑)) | ||
Theorem | moeu 2643 | Uniqueness is equivalent to existence implying unique existence. Alternate definition of the at-most-one quantifier, in terms of the existential quantifier and the unique existential quantifier. (Contributed by NM, 8-Mar-1995.) This used to be the definition of the at-most-one quantifier, while df-mo 2598 was then proved as dfmo 2657. (Revised by BJ, 30-Sep-2022.) |
⊢ (∃*𝑥𝜑 ↔ (∃𝑥𝜑 → ∃!𝑥𝜑)) | ||
Theorem | eubi 2644 | Equivalence theorem for the unique existential quantifier. Theorem *14.271 in [WhiteheadRussell] p. 192. (Contributed by Andrew Salmon, 11-Jul-2011.) Reduce dependencies on axioms. (Revised by BJ, 7-Oct-2022.) |
⊢ (∀𝑥(𝜑 ↔ 𝜓) → (∃!𝑥𝜑 ↔ ∃!𝑥𝜓)) | ||
Theorem | eubii 2645 | Introduce unique existential quantifier to both sides of an equivalence. (Contributed by NM, 9-Jul-1994.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 6-Oct-2016.) Avoid ax-5 1911. (Revised by Wolf Lammen, 27-Sep-2023.) |
⊢ (𝜑 ↔ 𝜓) ⇒ ⊢ (∃!𝑥𝜑 ↔ ∃!𝑥𝜓) | ||
Theorem | eubiiOLD 2646 | Obsolete version of eubii 2645 as of 27-Sep-2023. (Contributed by NM, 9-Jul-1994.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 6-Oct-2016.) (Proof modification is discouraged.) (New usage is discouraged.) |
⊢ (𝜑 ↔ 𝜓) ⇒ ⊢ (∃!𝑥𝜑 ↔ ∃!𝑥𝜓) | ||
Theorem | eubidv 2647* | Formula-building rule for unique existential quantifier (deduction form). (Contributed by NM, 9-Jul-1994.) Reduce axiom dependencies and shorten proof. (Revised by BJ, 7-Oct-2022.) |
⊢ (𝜑 → (𝜓 ↔ 𝜒)) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → (∃!𝑥𝜓 ↔ ∃!𝑥𝜒)) | ||
Theorem | eubid 2648 | Formula-building rule for the unique existential quantifier (deduction form). (Contributed by NM, 9-Jul-1994.) (Proof shortened by Wolf Lammen, 19-Feb-2023.) |
⊢ Ⅎ𝑥𝜑 & ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝜓 ↔ 𝜒)) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → (∃!𝑥𝜓 ↔ ∃!𝑥𝜒)) | ||
Theorem | nfeu1 2649 | Bound-variable hypothesis builder for uniqueness. See also nfeu1ALT 2650. (Contributed by NM, 9-Jul-1994.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 7-Oct-2016.) |
⊢ Ⅎ𝑥∃!𝑥𝜑 | ||
Theorem | nfeu1ALT 2650 | Alternate proof of nfeu1 2649. This illustrates the systematic way of proving nonfreeness in a defined expression: consider the definiens as a tree whose nodes are its subformulas, and prove by tree-induction nonfreeness of each node, starting from the leaves (generally using nfv 1915 or nf* theorems for previously defined expressions) and up to the root. Here, the definiens is a conjunction of two previously defined expressions, which automatically yields the present proof. (Contributed by BJ, 2-Oct-2022.) (Proof modification is discouraged.) (New usage is discouraged.) |
⊢ Ⅎ𝑥∃!𝑥𝜑 | ||
Theorem | nfeud2 2651 | Bound-variable hypothesis builder for uniqueness. Usage of this theorem is discouraged because it depends on ax-13 2379. Check out nfeudw 2652 for a version that replaces the distinctor with a disjoint variable condition, not requiring ax-13 2379. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 14-Nov-2016.) (Proof shortened by Wolf Lammen, 4-Oct-2018.) (Proof shortened by BJ, 14-Oct-2022.) (New usage is discouraged.) |
⊢ Ⅎ𝑦𝜑 & ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ ¬ ∀𝑥 𝑥 = 𝑦) → Ⅎ𝑥𝜓) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → Ⅎ𝑥∃!𝑦𝜓) | ||
Theorem | nfeudw 2652* | Bound-variable hypothesis builder for the unique existential quantifier. Deduction version of nfeu 2655. Version of nfeud 2653 with a disjoint variable condition, which does not require ax-13 2379. (Contributed by NM, 15-Feb-2013.) (Revised by Gino Giotto, 10-Jan-2024.) |
⊢ Ⅎ𝑦𝜑 & ⊢ (𝜑 → Ⅎ𝑥𝜓) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → Ⅎ𝑥∃!𝑦𝜓) | ||
Theorem | nfeud 2653 | Bound-variable hypothesis builder for the unique existential quantifier. Deduction version of nfeu 2655. Usage of this theorem is discouraged because it depends on ax-13 2379. Use the weaker nfeudw 2652 when possible. (Contributed by NM, 15-Feb-2013.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 7-Oct-2016.) (New usage is discouraged.) |
⊢ Ⅎ𝑦𝜑 & ⊢ (𝜑 → Ⅎ𝑥𝜓) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → Ⅎ𝑥∃!𝑦𝜓) | ||
Theorem | nfeuw 2654* | Bound-variable hypothesis builder for the unique existential quantifier. Version of nfeu 2655 with a disjoint variable condition, which does not require ax-13 2379. (Contributed by NM, 8-Mar-1995.) (Revised by Gino Giotto, 10-Jan-2024.) |
⊢ Ⅎ𝑥𝜑 ⇒ ⊢ Ⅎ𝑥∃!𝑦𝜑 | ||
Theorem | nfeu 2655 | Bound-variable hypothesis builder for the unique existential quantifier. Note that 𝑥 and 𝑦 need not be disjoint. Usage of this theorem is discouraged because it depends on ax-13 2379. Use the weaker nfeuw 2654 when possible. (Contributed by NM, 8-Mar-1995.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 7-Oct-2016.) (New usage is discouraged.) |
⊢ Ⅎ𝑥𝜑 ⇒ ⊢ Ⅎ𝑥∃!𝑦𝜑 | ||
Theorem | dfeu 2656 | Rederive df-eu 2629 from the old definition eu6 2634. (Contributed by NM, 23-Mar-1995.) (Proof shortened by Wolf Lammen, 25-May-2019.) (Proof shortened by BJ, 7-Oct-2022.) (Proof modification is discouraged.) Use df-eu 2629 instead. (New usage is discouraged.) |
⊢ (∃!𝑥𝜑 ↔ (∃𝑥𝜑 ∧ ∃*𝑥𝜑)) | ||
Theorem | dfmo 2657* | Rederive df-mo 2598 from the old definition moeu 2643. (Contributed by Wolf Lammen, 27-May-2019.) (Proof modification is discouraged.) Use df-mo 2598 instead. (New usage is discouraged.) |
⊢ (∃*𝑥𝜑 ↔ ∃𝑦∀𝑥(𝜑 → 𝑥 = 𝑦)) | ||
Theorem | euequ 2658* | There exists a unique set equal to a given set. Special case of eueqi 3648 proved using only predicate calculus. The proof needs 𝑦 = 𝑧 be free of 𝑥. This is ensured by having 𝑥 and 𝑦 be distinct. Alternately, a distinctor ¬ ∀𝑥𝑥 = 𝑦 could have been used instead. See eueq 3647 and eueqi 3648 for classes. (Contributed by Stefan Allan, 4-Dec-2008.) (Proof shortened by Wolf Lammen, 8-Sep-2019.) Reduce axiom usage. (Revised by Wolf Lammen, 1-Mar-2023.) |
⊢ ∃!𝑥 𝑥 = 𝑦 | ||
Theorem | sb8eulem 2659* | Lemma. Factor out the common proof skeleton of sb8euv 2660 and sb8eu 2661. Variable substitution in unique existential quantifier. (Contributed by NM, 7-Aug-1994.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 7-Oct-2016.) (Proof shortened by Wolf Lammen, 24-Aug-2019.) Factor out common proof lines. (Revised by Wolf Lammen, 9-Feb-2023.) |
⊢ Ⅎ𝑦[𝑤 / 𝑥]𝜑 ⇒ ⊢ (∃!𝑥𝜑 ↔ ∃!𝑦[𝑦 / 𝑥]𝜑) | ||
Theorem | sb8euv 2660* | Variable substitution in unique existential quantifier. Version of sb8eu 2661 requiring more disjoint variables, but fewer axioms. (Contributed by NM, 7-Aug-1994.) (Revised by Wolf Lammen, 7-Feb-2023.) |
⊢ Ⅎ𝑦𝜑 ⇒ ⊢ (∃!𝑥𝜑 ↔ ∃!𝑦[𝑦 / 𝑥]𝜑) | ||
Theorem | sb8eu 2661 | Variable substitution in unique existential quantifier. Usage of this theorem is discouraged because it depends on ax-13 2379. For a version requiring more disjoint variables, but fewer axioms, see sb8euv 2660. (Contributed by NM, 7-Aug-1994.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 7-Oct-2016.) (Proof shortened by Wolf Lammen, 24-Aug-2019.) (New usage is discouraged.) |
⊢ Ⅎ𝑦𝜑 ⇒ ⊢ (∃!𝑥𝜑 ↔ ∃!𝑦[𝑦 / 𝑥]𝜑) | ||
Theorem | sb8mo 2662 | Variable substitution for the at-most-one quantifier. Usage of this theorem is discouraged because it depends on ax-13 2379. (Contributed by Alexander van der Vekens, 17-Jun-2017.) (New usage is discouraged.) |
⊢ Ⅎ𝑦𝜑 ⇒ ⊢ (∃*𝑥𝜑 ↔ ∃*𝑦[𝑦 / 𝑥]𝜑) | ||
Theorem | cbvmow 2663* | Rule used to change bound variables, using implicit substitution. Version of cbvmo 2665 with a disjoint variable condition, which does not require ax-10 2142, ax-13 2379. (Contributed by NM, 9-Mar-1995.) (Revised by Gino Giotto, 23-May-2024.) |
⊢ Ⅎ𝑦𝜑 & ⊢ Ⅎ𝑥𝜓 & ⊢ (𝑥 = 𝑦 → (𝜑 ↔ 𝜓)) ⇒ ⊢ (∃*𝑥𝜑 ↔ ∃*𝑦𝜓) | ||
Theorem | cbvmowOLD 2664* | Obsolete version of cbvmow 2663 as of 23-May-2024. (Contributed by NM, 9-Mar-1995.) (Revised by Gino Giotto, 10-Jan-2024.) (Proof modification is discouraged.) (New usage is discouraged.) |
⊢ Ⅎ𝑦𝜑 & ⊢ Ⅎ𝑥𝜓 & ⊢ (𝑥 = 𝑦 → (𝜑 ↔ 𝜓)) ⇒ ⊢ (∃*𝑥𝜑 ↔ ∃*𝑦𝜓) | ||
Theorem | cbvmo 2665 | Rule used to change bound variables, using implicit substitution. Usage of this theorem is discouraged because it depends on ax-13 2379. Use the weaker cbvmow 2663 when possible. (Contributed by NM, 9-Mar-1995.) (Revised by Andrew Salmon, 8-Jun-2011.) (Proof shortened by Wolf Lammen, 4-Jan-2023.) (New usage is discouraged.) |
⊢ Ⅎ𝑦𝜑 & ⊢ Ⅎ𝑥𝜓 & ⊢ (𝑥 = 𝑦 → (𝜑 ↔ 𝜓)) ⇒ ⊢ (∃*𝑥𝜑 ↔ ∃*𝑦𝜓) | ||
Theorem | cbveuw 2666* | Version of cbveu 2668 with a disjoint variable condition, which does not require ax-10 2142, ax-13 2379. (Contributed by NM, 25-Nov-1994.) (Revised by Gino Giotto, 23-May-2024.) |
⊢ Ⅎ𝑦𝜑 & ⊢ Ⅎ𝑥𝜓 & ⊢ (𝑥 = 𝑦 → (𝜑 ↔ 𝜓)) ⇒ ⊢ (∃!𝑥𝜑 ↔ ∃!𝑦𝜓) | ||
Theorem | cbveuwOLD 2667* | Obsolete version of cbveuw 2666 as of 23-May-2024. (Contributed by NM, 25-Nov-1994.) (Revised by Gino Giotto, 10-Jan-2024.) (Proof modification is discouraged.) (New usage is discouraged.) |
⊢ Ⅎ𝑦𝜑 & ⊢ Ⅎ𝑥𝜓 & ⊢ (𝑥 = 𝑦 → (𝜑 ↔ 𝜓)) ⇒ ⊢ (∃!𝑥𝜑 ↔ ∃!𝑦𝜓) | ||
Theorem | cbveu 2668 | Rule used to change bound variables, using implicit substitution. Usage of this theorem is discouraged because it depends on ax-13 2379. Use the weaker cbveuw 2666 when possible. (Contributed by NM, 25-Nov-1994.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 7-Oct-2016.) (New usage is discouraged.) |
⊢ Ⅎ𝑦𝜑 & ⊢ Ⅎ𝑥𝜓 & ⊢ (𝑥 = 𝑦 → (𝜑 ↔ 𝜓)) ⇒ ⊢ (∃!𝑥𝜑 ↔ ∃!𝑦𝜓) | ||
Theorem | cbveuALT 2669 | Alternative proof of cbveu 2668. Since df-eu 2629 combines two other quantifiers, one can base this theorem on their associated 'change bounded variable' kind of theorems as well. (Contributed by Wolf Lammen, 5-Jan-2023.) (Proof modification is discouraged.) (New usage is discouraged.) |
⊢ Ⅎ𝑦𝜑 & ⊢ Ⅎ𝑥𝜓 & ⊢ (𝑥 = 𝑦 → (𝜑 ↔ 𝜓)) ⇒ ⊢ (∃!𝑥𝜑 ↔ ∃!𝑦𝜓) | ||
Theorem | eu2 2670* | An alternate way of defining existential uniqueness. Definition 6.10 of [TakeutiZaring] p. 26. (Contributed by NM, 8-Jul-1994.) (Proof shortened by Wolf Lammen, 2-Dec-2018.) |
⊢ Ⅎ𝑦𝜑 ⇒ ⊢ (∃!𝑥𝜑 ↔ (∃𝑥𝜑 ∧ ∀𝑥∀𝑦((𝜑 ∧ [𝑦 / 𝑥]𝜑) → 𝑥 = 𝑦))) | ||
Theorem | eu1 2671* | An alternate way to express uniqueness used by some authors. Exercise 2(b) of [Margaris] p. 110. (Contributed by NM, 20-Aug-1993.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 7-Oct-2016.) (Proof shortened by Wolf Lammen, 29-Oct-2018.) Avoid ax-13 2379. (Revised by Wolf Lammen, 7-Feb-2023.) |
⊢ Ⅎ𝑦𝜑 ⇒ ⊢ (∃!𝑥𝜑 ↔ ∃𝑥(𝜑 ∧ ∀𝑦([𝑦 / 𝑥]𝜑 → 𝑥 = 𝑦))) | ||
Theorem | euor 2672 | Introduce a disjunct into a unique existential quantifier. For a version requiring disjoint variables, but fewer axioms, see euorv 2673. (Contributed by NM, 21-Oct-2005.) |
⊢ Ⅎ𝑥𝜑 ⇒ ⊢ ((¬ 𝜑 ∧ ∃!𝑥𝜓) → ∃!𝑥(𝜑 ∨ 𝜓)) | ||
Theorem | euorv 2673* | Introduce a disjunct into a unique existential quantifier. Version of euor 2672 requiring disjoint variables, but fewer axioms. (Contributed by NM, 23-Mar-1995.) Reduce dependencies on axioms. (Revised by Wolf Lammen, 14-Jan-2023.) |
⊢ ((¬ 𝜑 ∧ ∃!𝑥𝜓) → ∃!𝑥(𝜑 ∨ 𝜓)) | ||
Theorem | euor2 2674 | Introduce or eliminate a disjunct in a unique existential quantifier. (Contributed by NM, 21-Oct-2005.) (Proof shortened by Andrew Salmon, 9-Jul-2011.) (Proof shortened by Wolf Lammen, 27-Dec-2018.) |
⊢ (¬ ∃𝑥𝜑 → (∃!𝑥(𝜑 ∨ 𝜓) ↔ ∃!𝑥𝜓)) | ||
Theorem | sbmo 2675* | Substitution into an at-most-one quantifier. (Contributed by Jeff Madsen, 2-Sep-2009.) |
⊢ ([𝑦 / 𝑥]∃*𝑧𝜑 ↔ ∃*𝑧[𝑦 / 𝑥]𝜑) | ||
Theorem | eu4 2676* | Uniqueness using implicit substitution. (Contributed by NM, 26-Jul-1995.) |
⊢ (𝑥 = 𝑦 → (𝜑 ↔ 𝜓)) ⇒ ⊢ (∃!𝑥𝜑 ↔ (∃𝑥𝜑 ∧ ∀𝑥∀𝑦((𝜑 ∧ 𝜓) → 𝑥 = 𝑦))) | ||
Theorem | euimmo 2677 | Existential uniqueness implies uniqueness through reverse implication. (Contributed by NM, 22-Apr-1995.) |
⊢ (∀𝑥(𝜑 → 𝜓) → (∃!𝑥𝜓 → ∃*𝑥𝜑)) | ||
Theorem | euim 2678 | Add unique existential quantifiers to an implication. Note the reversed implication in the antecedent. (Contributed by NM, 19-Oct-2005.) (Proof shortened by Andrew Salmon, 14-Jun-2011.) (Proof shortened by Wolf Lammen, 1-Oct-2023.) |
⊢ ((∃𝑥𝜑 ∧ ∀𝑥(𝜑 → 𝜓)) → (∃!𝑥𝜓 → ∃!𝑥𝜑)) | ||
Theorem | euimOLD 2679 | Obsolete version of euim 2678 as of 1-Oct-2023. (Contributed by NM, 19-Oct-2005.) (Proof shortened by Andrew Salmon, 14-Jun-2011.) (New usage is discouraged.) (Proof modification is discouraged.) |
⊢ ((∃𝑥𝜑 ∧ ∀𝑥(𝜑 → 𝜓)) → (∃!𝑥𝜓 → ∃!𝑥𝜑)) | ||
Theorem | moanimlem 2680 | Factor out the common proof skeleton of moanimv 2681 and moanim 2682. (Contributed by NM, 3-Dec-2001.) (Proof shortened by Wolf Lammen, 24-Dec-2018.) Factor out common proof lines. (Revised by Wolf Lammen, 8-Feb-2023.) |
⊢ (𝜑 → (∃*𝑥𝜓 ↔ ∃*𝑥(𝜑 ∧ 𝜓))) & ⊢ (∃𝑥(𝜑 ∧ 𝜓) → 𝜑) ⇒ ⊢ (∃*𝑥(𝜑 ∧ 𝜓) ↔ (𝜑 → ∃*𝑥𝜓)) | ||
Theorem | moanimv 2681* | Introduction of a conjunct into an at-most-one quantifier. Version of moanim 2682 requiring disjoint variables, but fewer axioms. (Contributed by NM, 23-Mar-1995.) Reduce axiom usage . (Revised by Wolf Lammen, 8-Feb-2023.) |
⊢ (∃*𝑥(𝜑 ∧ 𝜓) ↔ (𝜑 → ∃*𝑥𝜓)) | ||
Theorem | moanim 2682 | Introduction of a conjunct into "at most one" quantifier. For a version requiring disjoint variables, but fewer axioms, see moanimv 2681. (Contributed by NM, 3-Dec-2001.) (Proof shortened by Wolf Lammen, 24-Dec-2018.) |
⊢ Ⅎ𝑥𝜑 ⇒ ⊢ (∃*𝑥(𝜑 ∧ 𝜓) ↔ (𝜑 → ∃*𝑥𝜓)) | ||
Theorem | euan 2683 | Introduction of a conjunct into unique existential quantifier. (Contributed by NM, 19-Feb-2005.) (Proof shortened by Andrew Salmon, 9-Jul-2011.) (Proof shortened by Wolf Lammen, 24-Dec-2018.) |
⊢ Ⅎ𝑥𝜑 ⇒ ⊢ (∃!𝑥(𝜑 ∧ 𝜓) ↔ (𝜑 ∧ ∃!𝑥𝜓)) | ||
Theorem | moanmo 2684 | Nested at-most-one quantifiers. (Contributed by NM, 25-Jan-2006.) |
⊢ ∃*𝑥(𝜑 ∧ ∃*𝑥𝜑) | ||
Theorem | moaneu 2685 | Nested at-most-one and unique existential quantifiers. (Contributed by NM, 25-Jan-2006.) (Proof shortened by Wolf Lammen, 27-Dec-2018.) |
⊢ ∃*𝑥(𝜑 ∧ ∃!𝑥𝜑) | ||
Theorem | euanv 2686* | Introduction of a conjunct into unique existential quantifier. (Contributed by NM, 23-Mar-1995.) Reduce dependencies on axioms. (Revised by Wolf Lammen, 14-Jan-2023.) |
⊢ (∃!𝑥(𝜑 ∧ 𝜓) ↔ (𝜑 ∧ ∃!𝑥𝜓)) | ||
Theorem | mopick 2687 | "At most one" picks a variable value, eliminating an existential quantifier. (Contributed by NM, 27-Jan-1997.) (Proof shortened by Wolf Lammen, 17-Sep-2019.) |
⊢ ((∃*𝑥𝜑 ∧ ∃𝑥(𝜑 ∧ 𝜓)) → (𝜑 → 𝜓)) | ||
Theorem | moexexlem 2688 | Factor out the proof skeleton of moexex 2700 and moexexvw 2690. (Contributed by Wolf Lammen, 2-Oct-2023.) |
⊢ Ⅎ𝑦𝜑 & ⊢ Ⅎ𝑦∃*𝑥𝜑 & ⊢ Ⅎ𝑥∃*𝑦∃𝑥(𝜑 ∧ 𝜓) ⇒ ⊢ ((∃*𝑥𝜑 ∧ ∀𝑥∃*𝑦𝜓) → ∃*𝑦∃𝑥(𝜑 ∧ 𝜓)) | ||
Theorem | 2moexv 2689* | Double quantification with "at most one". (Contributed by NM, 3-Dec-2001.) |
⊢ (∃*𝑥∃𝑦𝜑 → ∀𝑦∃*𝑥𝜑) | ||
Theorem | moexexvw 2690* | "At most one" double quantification. Version of moexexv 2701 with an additional disjoint variable condition, which does not require ax-13 2379. (Contributed by NM, 26-Jan-1997.) (Revised by Gino Giotto, 22-Aug-2023.) Factor out common proof lines with moexex 2700. (Revised by Wolf Lammen, 2-Oct-2023.) |
⊢ ((∃*𝑥𝜑 ∧ ∀𝑥∃*𝑦𝜓) → ∃*𝑦∃𝑥(𝜑 ∧ 𝜓)) | ||
Theorem | 2moswapv 2691* | A condition allowing to swap an existential quantifier and at at-most-one quantifier. Version of 2moswap 2706 with a disjoint variable condition, which does not require ax-13 2379. (Contributed by NM, 10-Apr-2004.) (Revised by Gino Giotto, 22-Aug-2023.) Factor out common proof lines with moexexvw 2690. (Revised by Wolf Lammen, 2-Oct-2023.) |
⊢ (∀𝑥∃*𝑦𝜑 → (∃*𝑥∃𝑦𝜑 → ∃*𝑦∃𝑥𝜑)) | ||
Theorem | 2euswapv 2692* | A condition allowing to swap an existential quantifier and a unique existential quantifier. Version of 2euswap 2707 with a disjoint variable condition, which does not require ax-13 2379. (Contributed by NM, 10-Apr-2004.) (Revised by Gino Giotto, 22-Aug-2023.) |
⊢ (∀𝑥∃*𝑦𝜑 → (∃!𝑥∃𝑦𝜑 → ∃!𝑦∃𝑥𝜑)) | ||
Theorem | 2euexv 2693* | Double quantification with existential uniqueness. Version of 2euex 2703 with 𝑥 and 𝑦 distinct, but not requiring ax-13 2379. (Contributed by NM, 3-Dec-2001.) (Revised by Wolf Lammen, 2-Oct-2023.) |
⊢ (∃!𝑥∃𝑦𝜑 → ∃𝑦∃!𝑥𝜑) | ||
Theorem | 2exeuv 2694* | Double existential uniqueness implies double unique existential quantification. Version of 2exeu 2708 with 𝑥 and 𝑦 distinct, but not requiring ax-13 2379. (Contributed by NM, 3-Dec-2001.) (Revised by Wolf Lammen, 2-Oct-2023.) |
⊢ ((∃!𝑥∃𝑦𝜑 ∧ ∃!𝑦∃𝑥𝜑) → ∃!𝑥∃!𝑦𝜑) | ||
Theorem | eupick 2695 | Existential uniqueness "picks" a variable value for which another wff is true. If there is only one thing 𝑥 such that 𝜑 is true, and there is also an 𝑥 (actually the same one) such that 𝜑 and 𝜓 are both true, then 𝜑 implies 𝜓 regardless of 𝑥. This theorem can be useful for eliminating existential quantifiers in a hypothesis. Compare Theorem *14.26 in [WhiteheadRussell] p. 192. (Contributed by NM, 10-Jul-1994.) |
⊢ ((∃!𝑥𝜑 ∧ ∃𝑥(𝜑 ∧ 𝜓)) → (𝜑 → 𝜓)) | ||
Theorem | eupicka 2696 | Version of eupick 2695 with closed formulas. (Contributed by NM, 6-Sep-2008.) |
⊢ ((∃!𝑥𝜑 ∧ ∃𝑥(𝜑 ∧ 𝜓)) → ∀𝑥(𝜑 → 𝜓)) | ||
Theorem | eupickb 2697 | Existential uniqueness "pick" showing wff equivalence. (Contributed by NM, 25-Nov-1994.) (Proof shortened by Wolf Lammen, 27-Dec-2018.) |
⊢ ((∃!𝑥𝜑 ∧ ∃!𝑥𝜓 ∧ ∃𝑥(𝜑 ∧ 𝜓)) → (𝜑 ↔ 𝜓)) | ||
Theorem | eupickbi 2698 | Theorem *14.26 in [WhiteheadRussell] p. 192. (Contributed by Andrew Salmon, 11-Jul-2011.) (Proof shortened by Wolf Lammen, 27-Dec-2018.) |
⊢ (∃!𝑥𝜑 → (∃𝑥(𝜑 ∧ 𝜓) ↔ ∀𝑥(𝜑 → 𝜓))) | ||
Theorem | mopick2 2699 | "At most one" can show the existence of a common value. In this case we can infer existence of conjunction from a conjunction of existence, and it is one way to achieve the converse of 19.40 1887. (Contributed by NM, 5-Apr-2004.) (Proof shortened by Andrew Salmon, 9-Jul-2011.) |
⊢ ((∃*𝑥𝜑 ∧ ∃𝑥(𝜑 ∧ 𝜓) ∧ ∃𝑥(𝜑 ∧ 𝜒)) → ∃𝑥(𝜑 ∧ 𝜓 ∧ 𝜒)) | ||
Theorem | moexex 2700 | "At most one" double quantification. Usage of this theorem is discouraged because it depends on ax-13 2379. Use the version moexexvw 2690 when possible. (Contributed by NM, 3-Dec-2001.) (Proof shortened by Wolf Lammen, 28-Dec-2018.) Factor out common proof lines with moexexvw 2690. (Revised by Wolf Lammen, 2-Oct-2023.) (New usage is discouraged.) |
⊢ Ⅎ𝑦𝜑 ⇒ ⊢ ((∃*𝑥𝜑 ∧ ∀𝑥∃*𝑦𝜓) → ∃*𝑦∃𝑥(𝜑 ∧ 𝜓)) |
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