P. 329 of Theorem List - Metamath Proof Explorer

Theorem List for Metamath Proof Explorer - 32801-32900   *Has distinct variable group(s)

Type	Label	Description
Statement
Theorem	pjin3i 32801	Lemma for Theorem 1.22 of Mittelstaedt, p. 20. (Contributed by NM, 22-Apr-2001.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝐹 ∈ Cℋ    &   ⊢ 𝐺 ∈ Cℋ    &   ⊢ 𝐻 ∈ Cℋ    ⇒   ⊢ (((projℎ‘𝐹) = ((projℎ‘𝐹) ∘ (projℎ‘𝐺)) ∧ (projℎ‘𝐹) = ((projℎ‘𝐹) ∘ (projℎ‘𝐻))) ↔ (projℎ‘𝐹) = ((projℎ‘𝐹) ∘ (projℎ‘(𝐺 ∩ 𝐻))))
Theorem	pjclem1 32802	Lemma for projection commutation theorem. (Contributed by NM, 16-Nov-2000.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝐺 ∈ Cℋ    &   ⊢ 𝐻 ∈ Cℋ    ⇒   ⊢ (𝐺 𝐶ℋ 𝐻 → ((projℎ‘𝐺) ∘ (projℎ‘𝐻)) = (projℎ‘(𝐺 ∩ 𝐻)))
Theorem	pjclem2 32803	Lemma for projection commutation theorem. (Contributed by NM, 17-Nov-2000.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝐺 ∈ Cℋ    &   ⊢ 𝐻 ∈ Cℋ    ⇒   ⊢ (𝐺 𝐶ℋ 𝐻 → ((projℎ‘𝐺) ∘ (projℎ‘𝐻)) = ((projℎ‘𝐻) ∘ (projℎ‘𝐺)))
Theorem	pjclem3 32804	Lemma for projection commutation theorem. (Contributed by NM, 26-Nov-2000.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝐺 ∈ Cℋ    &   ⊢ 𝐻 ∈ Cℋ    ⇒   ⊢ (((projℎ‘𝐺) ∘ (projℎ‘𝐻)) = ((projℎ‘𝐻) ∘ (projℎ‘𝐺)) → ((projℎ‘𝐺) ∘ (projℎ‘(⊥‘𝐻))) = ((projℎ‘(⊥‘𝐻)) ∘ (projℎ‘𝐺)))
Theorem	pjclem4a 32805	Lemma for projection commutation theorem. (Contributed by NM, 2-Dec-2000.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝐺 ∈ Cℋ    &   ⊢ 𝐻 ∈ Cℋ    ⇒   ⊢ (𝐴 ∈ (𝐺 ∩ 𝐻) → (((projℎ‘𝐺) ∘ (projℎ‘𝐻))‘𝐴) = 𝐴)
Theorem	pjclem4 32806	Lemma for projection commutation theorem. (Contributed by NM, 26-Nov-2000.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝐺 ∈ Cℋ    &   ⊢ 𝐻 ∈ Cℋ    ⇒   ⊢ (((projℎ‘𝐺) ∘ (projℎ‘𝐻)) = ((projℎ‘𝐻) ∘ (projℎ‘𝐺)) → ((projℎ‘𝐺) ∘ (projℎ‘𝐻)) = (projℎ‘(𝐺 ∩ 𝐻)))
Theorem	pjci 32807	Two subspaces commute iff their projections commute. Lemma 4 of [Kalmbach] p. 67. (Contributed by NM, 26-Nov-2000.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝐺 ∈ Cℋ    &   ⊢ 𝐻 ∈ Cℋ    ⇒   ⊢ (𝐺 𝐶ℋ 𝐻 ↔ ((projℎ‘𝐺) ∘ (projℎ‘𝐻)) = ((projℎ‘𝐻) ∘ (projℎ‘𝐺)))
Theorem	pjcmul1i 32808	A necessary and sufficient condition for the product of two projectors to be a projector is that the projectors commute. Part 1 of Theorem 1 of [AkhiezerGlazman] p. 65. (Contributed by NM, 3-Jun-2006.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝐺 ∈ Cℋ    &   ⊢ 𝐻 ∈ Cℋ    ⇒   ⊢ (((projℎ‘𝐺) ∘ (projℎ‘𝐻)) = ((projℎ‘𝐻) ∘ (projℎ‘𝐺)) ↔ ((projℎ‘𝐺) ∘ (projℎ‘𝐻)) ∈ ran projℎ)
Theorem	pjcmul2i 32809	The projection subspace of the difference between two projectors. Part 2 of Theorem 1 of [AkhiezerGlazman] p. 65. (Contributed by NM, 3-Jun-2006.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝐺 ∈ Cℋ    &   ⊢ 𝐻 ∈ Cℋ    ⇒   ⊢ (((projℎ‘𝐺) ∘ (projℎ‘𝐻)) = ((projℎ‘𝐻) ∘ (projℎ‘𝐺)) ↔ ((projℎ‘𝐺) ∘ (projℎ‘𝐻)) = (projℎ‘(𝐺 ∩ 𝐻)))
Theorem	pjcohocli 32810	Closure of composition of projection and Hilbert space operator. (Contributed by NM, 3-Dec-2000.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝐻 ∈ Cℋ    &   ⊢ 𝑇: ℋ⟶ ℋ    ⇒   ⊢ (𝐴 ∈ ℋ → (((projℎ‘𝐻) ∘ 𝑇)‘𝐴) ∈ 𝐻)
Theorem	pjadj2coi 32811	Adjoint of double composition of projections. Generalization of special case of Theorem 3.11(viii) of [Beran] p. 106. (Contributed by NM, 1-Dec-2000.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝐹 ∈ Cℋ    &   ⊢ 𝐺 ∈ Cℋ    &   ⊢ 𝐻 ∈ Cℋ    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ℋ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ℋ) → (((((projℎ‘𝐹) ∘ (projℎ‘𝐺)) ∘ (projℎ‘𝐻))‘𝐴) ·ih 𝐵) = (𝐴 ·ih ((((projℎ‘𝐻) ∘ (projℎ‘𝐺)) ∘ (projℎ‘𝐹))‘𝐵)))
Theorem	pj2cocli 32812	Closure of double composition of projections. (Contributed by NM, 2-Dec-2000.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝐹 ∈ Cℋ    &   ⊢ 𝐺 ∈ Cℋ    &   ⊢ 𝐻 ∈ Cℋ    ⇒   ⊢ (𝐴 ∈ ℋ → ((((projℎ‘𝐹) ∘ (projℎ‘𝐺)) ∘ (projℎ‘𝐻))‘𝐴) ∈ 𝐹)
Theorem	pj3lem1 32813	Lemma for projection triplet theorem. (Contributed by NM, 2-Dec-2000.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝐹 ∈ Cℋ    &   ⊢ 𝐺 ∈ Cℋ    &   ⊢ 𝐻 ∈ Cℋ    ⇒   ⊢ (𝐴 ∈ ((𝐹 ∩ 𝐺) ∩ 𝐻) → ((((projℎ‘𝐹) ∘ (projℎ‘𝐺)) ∘ (projℎ‘𝐻))‘𝐴) = 𝐴)
Theorem	pj3si 32814	Stronger projection triplet theorem. (Contributed by NM, 2-Dec-2000.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝐹 ∈ Cℋ    &   ⊢ 𝐺 ∈ Cℋ    &   ⊢ 𝐻 ∈ Cℋ    ⇒   ⊢ (((((projℎ‘𝐹) ∘ (projℎ‘𝐺)) ∘ (projℎ‘𝐻)) = (((projℎ‘𝐻) ∘ (projℎ‘𝐺)) ∘ (projℎ‘𝐹)) ∧ ran (((projℎ‘𝐹) ∘ (projℎ‘𝐺)) ∘ (projℎ‘𝐻)) ⊆ 𝐺) → (((projℎ‘𝐹) ∘ (projℎ‘𝐺)) ∘ (projℎ‘𝐻)) = (projℎ‘((𝐹 ∩ 𝐺) ∩ 𝐻)))
Theorem	pj3i 32815	Projection triplet theorem. (Contributed by NM, 2-Dec-2000.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝐹 ∈ Cℋ    &   ⊢ 𝐺 ∈ Cℋ    &   ⊢ 𝐻 ∈ Cℋ    ⇒   ⊢ (((((projℎ‘𝐹) ∘ (projℎ‘𝐺)) ∘ (projℎ‘𝐻)) = (((projℎ‘𝐻) ∘ (projℎ‘𝐺)) ∘ (projℎ‘𝐹)) ∧ (((projℎ‘𝐹) ∘ (projℎ‘𝐺)) ∘ (projℎ‘𝐻)) = (((projℎ‘𝐺) ∘ (projℎ‘𝐹)) ∘ (projℎ‘𝐻))) → (((projℎ‘𝐹) ∘ (projℎ‘𝐺)) ∘ (projℎ‘𝐻)) = (projℎ‘((𝐹 ∩ 𝐺) ∩ 𝐻)))
Theorem	pj3cor1i 32816	Projection triplet corollary. (Contributed by NM, 2-Dec-2000.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝐹 ∈ Cℋ    &   ⊢ 𝐺 ∈ Cℋ    &   ⊢ 𝐻 ∈ Cℋ    ⇒   ⊢ (((((projℎ‘𝐹) ∘ (projℎ‘𝐺)) ∘ (projℎ‘𝐻)) = (((projℎ‘𝐻) ∘ (projℎ‘𝐺)) ∘ (projℎ‘𝐹)) ∧ (((projℎ‘𝐹) ∘ (projℎ‘𝐺)) ∘ (projℎ‘𝐻)) = (((projℎ‘𝐺) ∘ (projℎ‘𝐹)) ∘ (projℎ‘𝐻))) → (((projℎ‘𝐹) ∘ (projℎ‘𝐺)) ∘ (projℎ‘𝐻)) = (((projℎ‘𝐻) ∘ (projℎ‘𝐹)) ∘ (projℎ‘𝐺)))
Theorem	pjs14i 32817	Theorem S-14 of Watanabe, p. 486. (Contributed by NM, 26-Sep-2001.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝐺 ∈ Cℋ    &   ⊢ 𝐻 ∈ Cℋ    ⇒   ⊢ (𝐴 ∈ ℋ → (normℎ‘(((projℎ‘𝐻) ∘ (projℎ‘𝐺))‘𝐴)) ≤ (normℎ‘((projℎ‘𝐺)‘𝐴)))
20.7  States on a Hilbert lattice and Godowski's equation
20.7.1  States on a Hilbert lattice
Definition	df-st 32818*	Define the set of states on a Hilbert lattice. Definition of [Kalmbach] p. 266. (Contributed by NM, 23-Oct-1999.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ States = {𝑓 ∈ ((0[,]1) ↑m Cℋ ) ∣ ((𝑓‘ ℋ) = 1 ∧ ∀𝑥 ∈ Cℋ ∀𝑦 ∈ Cℋ (𝑥 ⊆ (⊥‘𝑦) → (𝑓‘(𝑥 ∨ℋ 𝑦)) = ((𝑓‘𝑥) + (𝑓‘𝑦))))}
Definition	df-hst 32819*	Define the set of complex Hilbert-space-valued states on a Hilbert lattice. Definition of CH-states in [Mayet3] p. 9. (Contributed by NM, 25-Jun-2006.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ CHStates = {𝑓 ∈ ( ℋ ↑m Cℋ ) ∣ ((normℎ‘(𝑓‘ ℋ)) = 1 ∧ ∀𝑥 ∈ Cℋ ∀𝑦 ∈ Cℋ (𝑥 ⊆ (⊥‘𝑦) → (((𝑓‘𝑥) ·ih (𝑓‘𝑦)) = 0 ∧ (𝑓‘(𝑥 ∨ℋ 𝑦)) = ((𝑓‘𝑥) +ℎ (𝑓‘𝑦)))))}
Theorem	isst 32820*	Property of a state. (Contributed by NM, 23-Oct-1999.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 23-Dec-2013.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ (𝑆 ∈ States ↔ (𝑆: Cℋ ⟶(0[,]1) ∧ (𝑆‘ ℋ) = 1 ∧ ∀𝑥 ∈ Cℋ ∀𝑦 ∈ Cℋ (𝑥 ⊆ (⊥‘𝑦) → (𝑆‘(𝑥 ∨ℋ 𝑦)) = ((𝑆‘𝑥) + (𝑆‘𝑦)))))
Theorem	ishst 32821*	Property of a complex Hilbert-space-valued state. Definition of CH-states in [Mayet3] p. 9. (Contributed by NM, 25-Jun-2006.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ (𝑆 ∈ CHStates ↔ (𝑆: Cℋ ⟶ ℋ ∧ (normℎ‘(𝑆‘ ℋ)) = 1 ∧ ∀𝑥 ∈ Cℋ ∀𝑦 ∈ Cℋ (𝑥 ⊆ (⊥‘𝑦) → (((𝑆‘𝑥) ·ih (𝑆‘𝑦)) = 0 ∧ (𝑆‘(𝑥 ∨ℋ 𝑦)) = ((𝑆‘𝑥) +ℎ (𝑆‘𝑦))))))
Theorem	sticl 32822	[0, 1] closure of the value of a state. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 23-Dec-2013.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ (𝑆 ∈ States → (𝐴 ∈ Cℋ → (𝑆‘𝐴) ∈ (0[,]1)))
Theorem	stcl 32823	Real closure of the value of a state. (Contributed by NM, 24-Oct-1999.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 23-Dec-2013.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ (𝑆 ∈ States → (𝐴 ∈ Cℋ → (𝑆‘𝐴) ∈ ℝ))
Theorem	hstcl 32824	Closure of the value of a Hilbert-space-valued state. (Contributed by NM, 25-Jun-2006.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ ((𝑆 ∈ CHStates ∧ 𝐴 ∈ Cℋ ) → (𝑆‘𝐴) ∈ ℋ)
Theorem	hst1a 32825	Unit value of a Hilbert-space-valued state. (Contributed by NM, 25-Jun-2006.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ (𝑆 ∈ CHStates → (normℎ‘(𝑆‘ ℋ)) = 1)
Theorem	hstel2 32826	Properties of a Hilbert-space-valued state. (Contributed by NM, 25-Jun-2006.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ (((𝑆 ∈ CHStates ∧ 𝐴 ∈ Cℋ ) ∧ (𝐵 ∈ Cℋ ∧ 𝐴 ⊆ (⊥‘𝐵))) → (((𝑆‘𝐴) ·ih (𝑆‘𝐵)) = 0 ∧ (𝑆‘(𝐴 ∨ℋ 𝐵)) = ((𝑆‘𝐴) +ℎ (𝑆‘𝐵))))
Theorem	hstorth 32827	Orthogonality property of a Hilbert-space-valued state. This is a key feature distinguishing it from a real-valued state. (Contributed by NM, 25-Jun-2006.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ (((𝑆 ∈ CHStates ∧ 𝐴 ∈ Cℋ ) ∧ (𝐵 ∈ Cℋ ∧ 𝐴 ⊆ (⊥‘𝐵))) → ((𝑆‘𝐴) ·ih (𝑆‘𝐵)) = 0)
Theorem	hstosum 32828	Orthogonal sum property of a Hilbert-space-valued state. (Contributed by NM, 25-Jun-2006.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ (((𝑆 ∈ CHStates ∧ 𝐴 ∈ Cℋ ) ∧ (𝐵 ∈ Cℋ ∧ 𝐴 ⊆ (⊥‘𝐵))) → (𝑆‘(𝐴 ∨ℋ 𝐵)) = ((𝑆‘𝐴) +ℎ (𝑆‘𝐵)))
Theorem	hstoc 32829	Sum of a Hilbert-space-valued state of a lattice element and its orthocomplement. (Contributed by NM, 25-Jun-2006.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ ((𝑆 ∈ CHStates ∧ 𝐴 ∈ Cℋ ) → ((𝑆‘𝐴) +ℎ (𝑆‘(⊥‘𝐴))) = (𝑆‘ ℋ))
Theorem	hstnmoc 32830	Sum of norms of a Hilbert-space-valued state. (Contributed by NM, 25-Jun-2006.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ ((𝑆 ∈ CHStates ∧ 𝐴 ∈ Cℋ ) → (((normℎ‘(𝑆‘𝐴))↑2) + ((normℎ‘(𝑆‘(⊥‘𝐴)))↑2)) = 1)
Theorem	stge0 32831	The value of a state is nonnegative. (Contributed by NM, 24-Oct-1999.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 23-Dec-2013.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ (𝑆 ∈ States → (𝐴 ∈ Cℋ → 0 ≤ (𝑆‘𝐴)))
Theorem	stle1 32832	The value of a state is less than or equal to one. (Contributed by NM, 24-Oct-1999.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 23-Dec-2013.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ (𝑆 ∈ States → (𝐴 ∈ Cℋ → (𝑆‘𝐴) ≤ 1))
Theorem	hstle1 32833	The norm of the value of a Hilbert-space-valued state is less than or equal to one. (Contributed by NM, 25-Jun-2006.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ ((𝑆 ∈ CHStates ∧ 𝐴 ∈ Cℋ ) → (normℎ‘(𝑆‘𝐴)) ≤ 1)
Theorem	hst1h 32834	The norm of a Hilbert-space-valued state equals one iff the state value equals the state value of the lattice one. (Contributed by NM, 25-Jun-2006.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ ((𝑆 ∈ CHStates ∧ 𝐴 ∈ Cℋ ) → ((normℎ‘(𝑆‘𝐴)) = 1 ↔ (𝑆‘𝐴) = (𝑆‘ ℋ)))
Theorem	hst0h 32835	The norm of a Hilbert-space-valued state equals zero iff the state value equals zero. (Contributed by NM, 30-Jun-2006.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ ((𝑆 ∈ CHStates ∧ 𝐴 ∈ Cℋ ) → ((normℎ‘(𝑆‘𝐴)) = 0 ↔ (𝑆‘𝐴) = 0ℎ))
Theorem	hstpyth 32836	Pythagorean property of a Hilbert-space-valued state for orthogonal vectors 𝐴 and 𝐵. (Contributed by NM, 26-Jun-2006.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ (((𝑆 ∈ CHStates ∧ 𝐴 ∈ Cℋ ) ∧ (𝐵 ∈ Cℋ ∧ 𝐴 ⊆ (⊥‘𝐵))) → ((normℎ‘(𝑆‘(𝐴 ∨ℋ 𝐵)))↑2) = (((normℎ‘(𝑆‘𝐴))↑2) + ((normℎ‘(𝑆‘𝐵))↑2)))
Theorem	hstle 32837	Ordering property of a Hilbert-space-valued state. (Contributed by NM, 26-Jun-2006.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ (((𝑆 ∈ CHStates ∧ 𝐴 ∈ Cℋ ) ∧ (𝐵 ∈ Cℋ ∧ 𝐴 ⊆ 𝐵)) → (normℎ‘(𝑆‘𝐴)) ≤ (normℎ‘(𝑆‘𝐵)))
Theorem	hstles 32838	Ordering property of a Hilbert-space-valued state. (Contributed by NM, 30-Jun-2006.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ (((𝑆 ∈ CHStates ∧ 𝐴 ∈ Cℋ ) ∧ (𝐵 ∈ Cℋ ∧ 𝐴 ⊆ 𝐵)) → ((normℎ‘(𝑆‘𝐴)) = 1 → (normℎ‘(𝑆‘𝐵)) = 1))
Theorem	hstoh 32839	A Hilbert-space-valued state orthogonal to the state of the lattice one is zero. (Contributed by NM, 25-Jun-2006.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ ((𝑆 ∈ CHStates ∧ 𝐴 ∈ Cℋ ∧ ((𝑆‘𝐴) ·ih (𝑆‘ ℋ)) = 0) → (𝑆‘𝐴) = 0ℎ)
Theorem	hst0 32840	A Hilbert-space-valued state is zero at the zero subspace. (Contributed by NM, 30-Jun-2006.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ (𝑆 ∈ CHStates → (𝑆‘0ℋ) = 0ℎ)
Theorem	sthil 32841	The value of a state at the full Hilbert space. (Contributed by NM, 23-Oct-1999.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ (𝑆 ∈ States → (𝑆‘ ℋ) = 1)
Theorem	stj 32842	The value of a state on a join. (Contributed by NM, 23-Oct-1999.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ (𝑆 ∈ States → (((𝐴 ∈ Cℋ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ Cℋ ) ∧ 𝐴 ⊆ (⊥‘𝐵)) → (𝑆‘(𝐴 ∨ℋ 𝐵)) = ((𝑆‘𝐴) + (𝑆‘𝐵))))
Theorem	sto1i 32843	The state of a subspace plus the state of its orthocomplement. (Contributed by NM, 24-Oct-1999.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝐴 ∈ Cℋ    ⇒   ⊢ (𝑆 ∈ States → ((𝑆‘𝐴) + (𝑆‘(⊥‘𝐴))) = 1)
Theorem	sto2i 32844	The state of the orthocomplement. (Contributed by NM, 24-Oct-1999.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝐴 ∈ Cℋ    ⇒   ⊢ (𝑆 ∈ States → (𝑆‘(⊥‘𝐴)) = (1 − (𝑆‘𝐴)))
Theorem	stge1i 32845	If a state is greater than or equal to 1, it is 1. (Contributed by NM, 11-Nov-1999.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝐴 ∈ Cℋ    ⇒   ⊢ (𝑆 ∈ States → (1 ≤ (𝑆‘𝐴) ↔ (𝑆‘𝐴) = 1))
Theorem	stle0i 32846	If a state is less than or equal to 0, it is 0. (Contributed by NM, 11-Nov-1999.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝐴 ∈ Cℋ    ⇒   ⊢ (𝑆 ∈ States → ((𝑆‘𝐴) ≤ 0 ↔ (𝑆‘𝐴) = 0))
Theorem	stlei 32847	Ordering law for states. (Contributed by NM, 24-Oct-1999.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝐴 ∈ Cℋ    &   ⊢ 𝐵 ∈ Cℋ    ⇒   ⊢ (𝑆 ∈ States → (𝐴 ⊆ 𝐵 → (𝑆‘𝐴) ≤ (𝑆‘𝐵)))
Theorem	stlesi 32848	Ordering law for states. (Contributed by NM, 24-Oct-1999.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝐴 ∈ Cℋ    &   ⊢ 𝐵 ∈ Cℋ    ⇒   ⊢ (𝑆 ∈ States → (𝐴 ⊆ 𝐵 → ((𝑆‘𝐴) = 1 → (𝑆‘𝐵) = 1)))
Theorem	stji1i 32849	Join of components of Sasaki arrow ->1. (Contributed by NM, 24-Oct-1999.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝐴 ∈ Cℋ    &   ⊢ 𝐵 ∈ Cℋ    ⇒   ⊢ (𝑆 ∈ States → (𝑆‘((⊥‘𝐴) ∨ℋ (𝐴 ∩ 𝐵))) = ((𝑆‘(⊥‘𝐴)) + (𝑆‘(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵))))
Theorem	stm1i 32850	State of component of unit meet. (Contributed by NM, 11-Nov-1999.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝐴 ∈ Cℋ    &   ⊢ 𝐵 ∈ Cℋ    ⇒   ⊢ (𝑆 ∈ States → ((𝑆‘(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵)) = 1 → (𝑆‘𝐴) = 1))
Theorem	stm1ri 32851	State of component of unit meet. (Contributed by NM, 11-Nov-1999.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝐴 ∈ Cℋ    &   ⊢ 𝐵 ∈ Cℋ    ⇒   ⊢ (𝑆 ∈ States → ((𝑆‘(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵)) = 1 → (𝑆‘𝐵) = 1))
Theorem	stm1addi 32852	Sum of states whose meet is 1. (Contributed by NM, 11-Nov-1999.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝐴 ∈ Cℋ    &   ⊢ 𝐵 ∈ Cℋ    ⇒   ⊢ (𝑆 ∈ States → ((𝑆‘(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵)) = 1 → ((𝑆‘𝐴) + (𝑆‘𝐵)) = 2))
Theorem	staddi 32853	If the sum of 2 states is 2, then each state is 1. (Contributed by NM, 12-Nov-1999.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝐴 ∈ Cℋ    &   ⊢ 𝐵 ∈ Cℋ    ⇒   ⊢ (𝑆 ∈ States → (((𝑆‘𝐴) + (𝑆‘𝐵)) = 2 → (𝑆‘𝐴) = 1))
Theorem	stm1add3i 32854	Sum of states whose meet is 1. (Contributed by NM, 11-Nov-1999.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝐴 ∈ Cℋ    &   ⊢ 𝐵 ∈ Cℋ    &   ⊢ 𝐶 ∈ Cℋ    ⇒   ⊢ (𝑆 ∈ States → ((𝑆‘((𝐴 ∩ 𝐵) ∩ 𝐶)) = 1 → (((𝑆‘𝐴) + (𝑆‘𝐵)) + (𝑆‘𝐶)) = 3))
Theorem	stadd3i 32855	If the sum of 3 states is 3, then each state is 1. (Contributed by NM, 13-Nov-1999.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝐴 ∈ Cℋ    &   ⊢ 𝐵 ∈ Cℋ    &   ⊢ 𝐶 ∈ Cℋ    ⇒   ⊢ (𝑆 ∈ States → ((((𝑆‘𝐴) + (𝑆‘𝐵)) + (𝑆‘𝐶)) = 3 → (𝑆‘𝐴) = 1))
Theorem	st0 32856	The state of the zero subspace. (Contributed by NM, 24-Oct-1999.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ (𝑆 ∈ States → (𝑆‘0ℋ) = 0)
Theorem	strlem1 32857*	Lemma for strong state theorem: if closed subspace 𝐴 is not contained in 𝐵, there is a unit vector 𝑢 in their difference. (Contributed by NM, 25-Oct-1999.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝐴 ∈ Cℋ    &   ⊢ 𝐵 ∈ Cℋ    ⇒   ⊢ (¬ 𝐴 ⊆ 𝐵 → ∃𝑢 ∈ (𝐴 ∖ 𝐵)(normℎ‘𝑢) = 1)
Theorem	strlem2 32858*	Lemma for strong state theorem. (Contributed by NM, 28-Oct-1999.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑆 = (𝑥 ∈ Cℋ ↦ ((normℎ‘((projℎ‘𝑥)‘𝑢))↑2))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝐶 ∈ Cℋ → (𝑆‘𝐶) = ((normℎ‘((projℎ‘𝐶)‘𝑢))↑2))
Theorem	strlem3a 32859*	Lemma for strong state theorem: the function 𝑆, that maps a closed subspace to the square of the norm of its projection onto a unit vector, is a state. (Contributed by NM, 28-Oct-1999.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑆 = (𝑥 ∈ Cℋ ↦ ((normℎ‘((projℎ‘𝑥)‘𝑢))↑2))    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝑢 ∈ ℋ ∧ (normℎ‘𝑢) = 1) → 𝑆 ∈ States)
Theorem	strlem3 32860*	Lemma for strong state theorem: the function 𝑆, that maps a closed subspace to the square of the norm of its projection onto a unit vector, is a state. This lemma restates the hypotheses in a more convenient form to work with. (Contributed by NM, 28-Oct-1999.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑆 = (𝑥 ∈ Cℋ ↦ ((normℎ‘((projℎ‘𝑥)‘𝑢))↑2))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 ↔ (𝑢 ∈ (𝐴 ∖ 𝐵) ∧ (normℎ‘𝑢) = 1))    &   ⊢ 𝐴 ∈ Cℋ    &   ⊢ 𝐵 ∈ Cℋ    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑆 ∈ States)
Theorem	strlem4 32861*	Lemma for strong state theorem. (Contributed by NM, 2-Nov-1999.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑆 = (𝑥 ∈ Cℋ ↦ ((normℎ‘((projℎ‘𝑥)‘𝑢))↑2))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 ↔ (𝑢 ∈ (𝐴 ∖ 𝐵) ∧ (normℎ‘𝑢) = 1))    &   ⊢ 𝐴 ∈ Cℋ    &   ⊢ 𝐵 ∈ Cℋ    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝑆‘𝐴) = 1)
Theorem	strlem5 32862*	Lemma for strong state theorem. (Contributed by NM, 2-Nov-1999.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑆 = (𝑥 ∈ Cℋ ↦ ((normℎ‘((projℎ‘𝑥)‘𝑢))↑2))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 ↔ (𝑢 ∈ (𝐴 ∖ 𝐵) ∧ (normℎ‘𝑢) = 1))    &   ⊢ 𝐴 ∈ Cℋ    &   ⊢ 𝐵 ∈ Cℋ    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝑆‘𝐵) < 1)
Theorem	strlem6 32863*	Lemma for strong state theorem. (Contributed by NM, 2-Nov-1999.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑆 = (𝑥 ∈ Cℋ ↦ ((normℎ‘((projℎ‘𝑥)‘𝑢))↑2))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 ↔ (𝑢 ∈ (𝐴 ∖ 𝐵) ∧ (normℎ‘𝑢) = 1))    &   ⊢ 𝐴 ∈ Cℋ    &   ⊢ 𝐵 ∈ Cℋ    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ¬ ((𝑆‘𝐴) = 1 → (𝑆‘𝐵) = 1))
Theorem	stri 32864*	Strong state theorem. The states on a Hilbert lattice define an ordering. Remark in [Mayet] p. 370. (Contributed by NM, 2-Nov-1999.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝐴 ∈ Cℋ    &   ⊢ 𝐵 ∈ Cℋ    ⇒   ⊢ (∀𝑓 ∈ States ((𝑓‘𝐴) = 1 → (𝑓‘𝐵) = 1) → 𝐴 ⊆ 𝐵)
Theorem	strb 32865*	Strong state theorem (bidirectional version). (Contributed by NM, 7-Apr-2001.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝐴 ∈ Cℋ    &   ⊢ 𝐵 ∈ Cℋ    ⇒   ⊢ (∀𝑓 ∈ States ((𝑓‘𝐴) = 1 → (𝑓‘𝐵) = 1) ↔ 𝐴 ⊆ 𝐵)
Theorem	hstrlem2 32866*	Lemma for strong set of CH states theorem. (Contributed by NM, 30-Jun-2006.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑆 = (𝑥 ∈ Cℋ ↦ ((projℎ‘𝑥)‘𝑢))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝐶 ∈ Cℋ → (𝑆‘𝐶) = ((projℎ‘𝐶)‘𝑢))
Theorem	hstrlem3a 32867*	Lemma for strong set of CH states theorem: the function 𝑆, that maps a closed subspace to the square of the norm of its projection onto a unit vector, is a state. (Contributed by NM, 30-Jun-2006.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑆 = (𝑥 ∈ Cℋ ↦ ((projℎ‘𝑥)‘𝑢))    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝑢 ∈ ℋ ∧ (normℎ‘𝑢) = 1) → 𝑆 ∈ CHStates)
Theorem	hstrlem3 32868*	Lemma for strong set of CH states theorem: the function 𝑆, that maps a closed subspace to the square of the norm of its projection onto a unit vector, is a state. This lemma restates the hypotheses in a more convenient form to work with. (Contributed by NM, 30-Jun-2006.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑆 = (𝑥 ∈ Cℋ ↦ ((projℎ‘𝑥)‘𝑢))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 ↔ (𝑢 ∈ (𝐴 ∖ 𝐵) ∧ (normℎ‘𝑢) = 1))    &   ⊢ 𝐴 ∈ Cℋ    &   ⊢ 𝐵 ∈ Cℋ    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑆 ∈ CHStates)
Theorem	hstrlem4 32869*	Lemma for strong set of CH states theorem. (Contributed by NM, 30-Jun-2006.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑆 = (𝑥 ∈ Cℋ ↦ ((projℎ‘𝑥)‘𝑢))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 ↔ (𝑢 ∈ (𝐴 ∖ 𝐵) ∧ (normℎ‘𝑢) = 1))    &   ⊢ 𝐴 ∈ Cℋ    &   ⊢ 𝐵 ∈ Cℋ    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (normℎ‘(𝑆‘𝐴)) = 1)
Theorem	hstrlem5 32870*	Lemma for strong set of CH states theorem. (Contributed by NM, 30-Jun-2006.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑆 = (𝑥 ∈ Cℋ ↦ ((projℎ‘𝑥)‘𝑢))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 ↔ (𝑢 ∈ (𝐴 ∖ 𝐵) ∧ (normℎ‘𝑢) = 1))    &   ⊢ 𝐴 ∈ Cℋ    &   ⊢ 𝐵 ∈ Cℋ    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (normℎ‘(𝑆‘𝐵)) < 1)
Theorem	hstrlem6 32871*	Lemma for strong set of CH states theorem. (Contributed by NM, 30-Jun-2006.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑆 = (𝑥 ∈ Cℋ ↦ ((projℎ‘𝑥)‘𝑢))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 ↔ (𝑢 ∈ (𝐴 ∖ 𝐵) ∧ (normℎ‘𝑢) = 1))    &   ⊢ 𝐴 ∈ Cℋ    &   ⊢ 𝐵 ∈ Cℋ    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ¬ ((normℎ‘(𝑆‘𝐴)) = 1 → (normℎ‘(𝑆‘𝐵)) = 1))
Theorem	hstri 32872*	Hilbert space admits a strong set of Hilbert-space-valued states (CH-states). Theorem in [Mayet3] p. 10. (Contributed by NM, 30-Jun-2006.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝐴 ∈ Cℋ    &   ⊢ 𝐵 ∈ Cℋ    ⇒   ⊢ (∀𝑓 ∈ CHStates ((normℎ‘(𝑓‘𝐴)) = 1 → (normℎ‘(𝑓‘𝐵)) = 1) → 𝐴 ⊆ 𝐵)
Theorem	hstrbi 32873*	Strong CH-state theorem (bidirectional version). Theorem in [Mayet3] p. 10 and its converse. (Contributed by NM, 30-Jun-2006.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝐴 ∈ Cℋ    &   ⊢ 𝐵 ∈ Cℋ    ⇒   ⊢ (∀𝑓 ∈ CHStates ((normℎ‘(𝑓‘𝐴)) = 1 → (normℎ‘(𝑓‘𝐵)) = 1) ↔ 𝐴 ⊆ 𝐵)
Theorem	largei 32874*	A Hilbert lattice admits a largei set of states. Remark in [Mayet] p. 370. (Contributed by NM, 7-Apr-2001.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝐴 ∈ Cℋ    ⇒   ⊢ (¬ 𝐴 = 0ℋ ↔ ∃𝑓 ∈ States (𝑓‘𝐴) = 1)
Theorem	jplem1 32875	Lemma for Jauch-Piron theorem. (Contributed by NM, 8-Apr-2001.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝐴 ∈ Cℋ    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝑢 ∈ ℋ ∧ (normℎ‘𝑢) = 1) → (𝑢 ∈ 𝐴 ↔ ((normℎ‘((projℎ‘𝐴)‘𝑢))↑2) = 1))
Theorem	jplem2 32876*	Lemma for Jauch-Piron theorem. (Contributed by NM, 8-Apr-2001.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑆 = (𝑥 ∈ Cℋ ↦ ((normℎ‘((projℎ‘𝑥)‘𝑢))↑2))    &   ⊢ 𝐴 ∈ Cℋ    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝑢 ∈ ℋ ∧ (normℎ‘𝑢) = 1) → (𝑢 ∈ 𝐴 ↔ (𝑆‘𝐴) = 1))
Theorem	jpi 32877*	The function 𝑆, that maps a closed subspace to the square of the norm of its projection onto a unit vector, is a Jauch-Piron state. Remark in [Mayet] p. 370. (See strlem3a 32859 for the proof that 𝑆 is a state.) (Contributed by NM, 8-Apr-2001.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑆 = (𝑥 ∈ Cℋ ↦ ((normℎ‘((projℎ‘𝑥)‘𝑢))↑2))    &   ⊢ 𝐴 ∈ Cℋ    &   ⊢ 𝐵 ∈ Cℋ    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝑢 ∈ ℋ ∧ (normℎ‘𝑢) = 1) → (((𝑆‘𝐴) = 1 ∧ (𝑆‘𝐵) = 1) ↔ (𝑆‘(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵)) = 1))
20.7.2  Godowski's equation
Theorem	golem1 32878	Lemma for Godowski's equation. (Contributed by NM, 10-Nov-2002.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝐴 ∈ Cℋ    &   ⊢ 𝐵 ∈ Cℋ    &   ⊢ 𝐶 ∈ Cℋ    &   ⊢ 𝐹 = ((⊥‘𝐴) ∨ℋ (𝐴 ∩ 𝐵))    &   ⊢ 𝐺 = ((⊥‘𝐵) ∨ℋ (𝐵 ∩ 𝐶))    &   ⊢ 𝐻 = ((⊥‘𝐶) ∨ℋ (𝐶 ∩ 𝐴))    &   ⊢ 𝐷 = ((⊥‘𝐵) ∨ℋ (𝐵 ∩ 𝐴))    &   ⊢ 𝑅 = ((⊥‘𝐶) ∨ℋ (𝐶 ∩ 𝐵))    &   ⊢ 𝑆 = ((⊥‘𝐴) ∨ℋ (𝐴 ∩ 𝐶))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝑓 ∈ States → (((𝑓‘𝐹) + (𝑓‘𝐺)) + (𝑓‘𝐻)) = (((𝑓‘𝐷) + (𝑓‘𝑅)) + (𝑓‘𝑆)))
Theorem	golem2 32879	Lemma for Godowski's equation. (Contributed by NM, 13-Nov-1999.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝐴 ∈ Cℋ    &   ⊢ 𝐵 ∈ Cℋ    &   ⊢ 𝐶 ∈ Cℋ    &   ⊢ 𝐹 = ((⊥‘𝐴) ∨ℋ (𝐴 ∩ 𝐵))    &   ⊢ 𝐺 = ((⊥‘𝐵) ∨ℋ (𝐵 ∩ 𝐶))    &   ⊢ 𝐻 = ((⊥‘𝐶) ∨ℋ (𝐶 ∩ 𝐴))    &   ⊢ 𝐷 = ((⊥‘𝐵) ∨ℋ (𝐵 ∩ 𝐴))    &   ⊢ 𝑅 = ((⊥‘𝐶) ∨ℋ (𝐶 ∩ 𝐵))    &   ⊢ 𝑆 = ((⊥‘𝐴) ∨ℋ (𝐴 ∩ 𝐶))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝑓 ∈ States → ((𝑓‘((𝐹 ∩ 𝐺) ∩ 𝐻)) = 1 → (𝑓‘𝐷) = 1))
Theorem	goeqi 32880	Godowski's equation, shown here as a variant equivalent to Equation SF of [Godowski] p. 730. (Contributed by NM, 10-Nov-2002.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝐴 ∈ Cℋ    &   ⊢ 𝐵 ∈ Cℋ    &   ⊢ 𝐶 ∈ Cℋ    &   ⊢ 𝐹 = ((⊥‘𝐴) ∨ℋ (𝐴 ∩ 𝐵))    &   ⊢ 𝐺 = ((⊥‘𝐵) ∨ℋ (𝐵 ∩ 𝐶))    &   ⊢ 𝐻 = ((⊥‘𝐶) ∨ℋ (𝐶 ∩ 𝐴))    &   ⊢ 𝐷 = ((⊥‘𝐵) ∨ℋ (𝐵 ∩ 𝐴))    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐹 ∩ 𝐺) ∩ 𝐻) ⊆ 𝐷
Theorem	stcltr1i 32881*	Property of a strong classical state. (Contributed by NM, 24-Oct-1999.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ (𝜑 ↔ (𝑆 ∈ States ∧ ∀𝑥 ∈ Cℋ ∀𝑦 ∈ Cℋ (((𝑆‘𝑥) = 1 → (𝑆‘𝑦) = 1) → 𝑥 ⊆ 𝑦)))    &   ⊢ 𝐴 ∈ Cℋ    &   ⊢ 𝐵 ∈ Cℋ    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (((𝑆‘𝐴) = 1 → (𝑆‘𝐵) = 1) → 𝐴 ⊆ 𝐵))
Theorem	stcltr2i 32882*	Property of a strong classical state. (Contributed by NM, 24-Oct-1999.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ (𝜑 ↔ (𝑆 ∈ States ∧ ∀𝑥 ∈ Cℋ ∀𝑦 ∈ Cℋ (((𝑆‘𝑥) = 1 → (𝑆‘𝑦) = 1) → 𝑥 ⊆ 𝑦)))    &   ⊢ 𝐴 ∈ Cℋ    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ((𝑆‘𝐴) = 1 → 𝐴 = ℋ))
Theorem	stcltrlem1 32883*	Lemma for strong classical state theorem. (Contributed by NM, 24-Oct-1999.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ (𝜑 ↔ (𝑆 ∈ States ∧ ∀𝑥 ∈ Cℋ ∀𝑦 ∈ Cℋ (((𝑆‘𝑥) = 1 → (𝑆‘𝑦) = 1) → 𝑥 ⊆ 𝑦)))    &   ⊢ 𝐴 ∈ Cℋ    &   ⊢ 𝐵 ∈ Cℋ    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ((𝑆‘𝐵) = 1 → (𝑆‘((⊥‘𝐴) ∨ℋ (𝐴 ∩ 𝐵))) = 1))
Theorem	stcltrlem2 32884*	Lemma for strong classical state theorem. (Contributed by NM, 24-Oct-1999.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ (𝜑 ↔ (𝑆 ∈ States ∧ ∀𝑥 ∈ Cℋ ∀𝑦 ∈ Cℋ (((𝑆‘𝑥) = 1 → (𝑆‘𝑦) = 1) → 𝑥 ⊆ 𝑦)))    &   ⊢ 𝐴 ∈ Cℋ    &   ⊢ 𝐵 ∈ Cℋ    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ⊆ ((⊥‘𝐴) ∨ℋ (𝐴 ∩ 𝐵)))
Theorem	stcltrthi 32885*	Theorem for classically strong set of states. If there exists a "classically strong set of states" on lattice Cℋ (or actually any ortholattice, which would have an identical proof), then any two elements of the lattice commute, i.e., the lattice is distributive. (Proof due to Mladen Pavicic.) Theorem 3.3 of [MegPav2000] p. 2344. (Contributed by NM, 24-Oct-1999.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝐴 ∈ Cℋ    &   ⊢ 𝐵 ∈ Cℋ    &   ⊢ ∃𝑠 ∈ States ∀𝑥 ∈ Cℋ ∀𝑦 ∈ Cℋ (((𝑠‘𝑥) = 1 → (𝑠‘𝑦) = 1) → 𝑥 ⊆ 𝑦)    ⇒   ⊢ 𝐵 ⊆ ((⊥‘𝐴) ∨ℋ (𝐴 ∩ 𝐵))
20.8  Cover relation, atoms, exchange axiom, and modular symmetry
20.8.1  Covers relation; modular pairs
Definition	df-cv 32886*	Define the covers relation (on the Hilbert lattice). Definition 3.2.18 of [PtakPulmannova] p. 68, whose notation we use. Ptak/Pulmannova's notation 𝐴 ⋖ℋ 𝐵 is read "𝐵 covers 𝐴 " or "𝐴 is covered by 𝐵 " , and it means that 𝐵 is larger than 𝐴 and there is nothing in between. See cvbr 32889 and cvbr2 32890 for membership relations. (Contributed by NM, 4-Jun-2004.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ ⋖ℋ = {⟨𝑥, 𝑦⟩ ∣ ((𝑥 ∈ Cℋ ∧ 𝑦 ∈ Cℋ ) ∧ (𝑥 ⊊ 𝑦 ∧ ¬ ∃𝑧 ∈ Cℋ (𝑥 ⊊ 𝑧 ∧ 𝑧 ⊊ 𝑦)))}
Definition	df-md 32887*	Define the modular pair relation (on the Hilbert lattice). Definition 1.1 of [MaedaMaeda] p. 1, who use the notation (x,y)M for "the ordered pair <x,y> is a modular pair." See mdbr 32901 for membership relation. (Contributed by NM, 14-Jun-2004.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑀ℋ = {⟨𝑥, 𝑦⟩ ∣ ((𝑥 ∈ Cℋ ∧ 𝑦 ∈ Cℋ ) ∧ ∀𝑧 ∈ Cℋ (𝑧 ⊆ 𝑦 → ((𝑧 ∨ℋ 𝑥) ∩ 𝑦) = (𝑧 ∨ℋ (𝑥 ∩ 𝑦))))}
Definition	df-dmd 32888*	Define the dual modular pair relation (on the Hilbert lattice). Definition 1.1 of [MaedaMaeda] p. 1, who use the notation (x,y)M* for "the ordered pair <x,y> is a dual modular pair." See dmdbr 32906 for membership relation. (Contributed by NM, 27-Apr-2006.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑀ℋ* = {⟨𝑥, 𝑦⟩ ∣ ((𝑥 ∈ Cℋ ∧ 𝑦 ∈ Cℋ ) ∧ ∀𝑧 ∈ Cℋ (𝑦 ⊆ 𝑧 → ((𝑧 ∩ 𝑥) ∨ℋ 𝑦) = (𝑧 ∩ (𝑥 ∨ℋ 𝑦))))}
Theorem	cvbr 32889*	Binary relation expressing 𝐵 covers 𝐴, which means that 𝐵 is larger than 𝐴 and there is nothing in between. Definition 3.2.18 of [PtakPulmannova] p. 68. (Contributed by NM, 4-Jun-2004.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ Cℋ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ Cℋ ) → (𝐴 ⋖ℋ 𝐵 ↔ (𝐴 ⊊ 𝐵 ∧ ¬ ∃𝑥 ∈ Cℋ (𝐴 ⊊ 𝑥 ∧ 𝑥 ⊊ 𝐵))))
Theorem	cvbr2 32890*	Binary relation expressing 𝐵 covers 𝐴. Definition of covers in [Kalmbach] p. 15. (Contributed by NM, 9-Jun-2004.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ Cℋ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ Cℋ ) → (𝐴 ⋖ℋ 𝐵 ↔ (𝐴 ⊊ 𝐵 ∧ ∀𝑥 ∈ Cℋ ((𝐴 ⊊ 𝑥 ∧ 𝑥 ⊆ 𝐵) → 𝑥 = 𝐵))))
Theorem	cvcon3 32891	Contraposition law for the covers relation. (Contributed by NM, 12-Jun-2004.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ Cℋ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ Cℋ ) → (𝐴 ⋖ℋ 𝐵 ↔ (⊥‘𝐵) ⋖ℋ (⊥‘𝐴)))
Theorem	cvpss 32892	The covers relation implies proper subset. (Contributed by NM, 10-Jun-2004.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ Cℋ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ Cℋ ) → (𝐴 ⋖ℋ 𝐵 → 𝐴 ⊊ 𝐵))
Theorem	cvnbtwn 32893	The covers relation implies no in-betweenness. (Contributed by NM, 12-Jun-2004.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ Cℋ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ Cℋ ∧ 𝐶 ∈ Cℋ ) → (𝐴 ⋖ℋ 𝐵 → ¬ (𝐴 ⊊ 𝐶 ∧ 𝐶 ⊊ 𝐵)))
Theorem	cvnbtwn2 32894	The covers relation implies no in-betweenness. (Contributed by NM, 12-Jun-2004.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ Cℋ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ Cℋ ∧ 𝐶 ∈ Cℋ ) → (𝐴 ⋖ℋ 𝐵 → ((𝐴 ⊊ 𝐶 ∧ 𝐶 ⊆ 𝐵) → 𝐶 = 𝐵)))
Theorem	cvnbtwn3 32895	The covers relation implies no in-betweenness. (Contributed by NM, 12-Jun-2004.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ Cℋ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ Cℋ ∧ 𝐶 ∈ Cℋ ) → (𝐴 ⋖ℋ 𝐵 → ((𝐴 ⊆ 𝐶 ∧ 𝐶 ⊊ 𝐵) → 𝐶 = 𝐴)))
Theorem	cvnbtwn4 32896	The covers relation implies no in-betweenness. Part of proof of Lemma 7.5.1 of [MaedaMaeda] p. 31. (Contributed by NM, 12-Jun-2004.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ Cℋ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ Cℋ ∧ 𝐶 ∈ Cℋ ) → (𝐴 ⋖ℋ 𝐵 → ((𝐴 ⊆ 𝐶 ∧ 𝐶 ⊆ 𝐵) → (𝐶 = 𝐴 ∨ 𝐶 = 𝐵))))
Theorem	cvnsym 32897	The covers relation is not symmetric. (Contributed by NM, 26-Jun-2004.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ Cℋ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ Cℋ ) → (𝐴 ⋖ℋ 𝐵 → ¬ 𝐵 ⋖ℋ 𝐴))
Theorem	cvnref 32898	The covers relation is not reflexive. (Contributed by NM, 26-Jun-2004.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ (𝐴 ∈ Cℋ → ¬ 𝐴 ⋖ℋ 𝐴)
Theorem	cvntr 32899	The covers relation is not transitive. (Contributed by NM, 26-Jun-2004.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ Cℋ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ Cℋ ∧ 𝐶 ∈ Cℋ ) → ((𝐴 ⋖ℋ 𝐵 ∧ 𝐵 ⋖ℋ 𝐶) → ¬ 𝐴 ⋖ℋ 𝐶))
Theorem	spansncv2 32900	Hilbert space has the covering property (using spans of singletons to represent atoms). Proposition 1(ii) of [Kalmbach] p. 153. (Contributed by NM, 9-Jun-2004.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ Cℋ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ℋ) → (¬ (span‘{𝐵}) ⊆ 𝐴 → 𝐴 ⋖ℋ (𝐴 ∨ℋ (span‘{𝐵}))))