P. 490 of Theorem List - Metamath Proof Explorer

Theorem List for Metamath Proof Explorer - 48901-49000   *Has distinct variable group(s)

Type	Label	Description
Statement
Syntax	cup 48901	Extend class notation with the class of universal properties.
class UP
Definition	df-up 48902*	Definition of the class of universal properties. Given categories 𝐷 and 𝐸, if 𝐹:𝐷⟶𝐸 is a functor and 𝑊 an object of 𝐸, a universal pair from 𝑊 to 𝐹 is a pair ⟨𝑋, 𝑀⟩ consisting of an object 𝑋 of 𝐷 and a morphism 𝑀:𝑊⟶𝐹𝑋 of 𝐸, such that to every pair ⟨𝑦, 𝑔⟩ with 𝑦 an object of 𝐷 and 𝑔:𝑊⟶𝐹𝑦 a morphism of 𝐸, there is a unique morphism 𝑘:𝑋⟶𝑦 of 𝐷 with 𝐹𝑘 ⚬ 𝑀 = 𝑔. Such property is commonly referred to as a universal property. In our definition, it is denoted as 𝑋(𝐹(𝐷UP𝐸)𝑊)𝑀. Note that the universal pair is termed differently as "universal arrow" in p. 55 of Mac Lane, Saunders, Categories for the Working Mathematician, 2nd Edition, Springer Science+Business Media, New York, (1998) [QA169.M33 1998]; available at https://math.mit.edu/~hrm/palestine/maclane-categories.pdf (retrieved 6 Oct 2025). Interestingly, the "universal arrow" is referring to the morphism 𝑀 instead of the pair near the end of the same piece of the text, causing name collision. The name "universal arrow" is also adopted in papers such as https://arxiv.org/pdf/2212.08981. Alternatively, the universal pair is called the "universal morphism" in Wikipedia (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_property) as well as published works, e.g., https://arxiv.org/pdf/2412.12179. But the pair ⟨𝑋, 𝑀⟩ should be named differently as the morphism 𝑀, and thus we call 𝑋 the universal object, 𝑀 the universal morphism, and ⟨𝑋, 𝑀⟩ the universal pair. Given its existence, such universal pair is essentially unique (upeu3 48917), and can be generated from an existing universal pair by isomorphisms (upeu4 48918). See also oppcup 48919 for the dual concept. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 24-Sep-2025.)
⊢ UP = (𝑑 ∈ V, 𝑒 ∈ V ↦ ⦋(Base‘𝑑) / 𝑏⦌⦋(Base‘𝑒) / 𝑐⦌⦋(Hom ‘𝑑) / ℎ⦌⦋(Hom ‘𝑒) / 𝑗⦌⦋(comp‘𝑒) / 𝑜⦌(𝑓 ∈ (𝑑 Func 𝑒), 𝑤 ∈ 𝑐 ↦ {⟨𝑥, 𝑚⟩ ∣ ((𝑥 ∈ 𝑏 ∧ 𝑚 ∈ (𝑤𝑗((1st ‘𝑓)‘𝑥))) ∧ ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝑏 ∀𝑔 ∈ (𝑤𝑗((1st ‘𝑓)‘𝑦))∃!𝑘 ∈ (𝑥ℎ𝑦)𝑔 = (((𝑥(2nd ‘𝑓)𝑦)‘𝑘)(⟨𝑤, ((1st ‘𝑓)‘𝑥)⟩𝑜((1st ‘𝑓)‘𝑦))𝑚))}))
Theorem	reldmup 48903	The domain of UP is a relation. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 25-Sep-2025.)
⊢ Rel dom UP
Theorem	upfval 48904*	Function value of the class of universal properties. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 24-Sep-2025.)
⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝐷)    &   ⊢ 𝐶 = (Base‘𝐸)    &   ⊢ 𝐻 = (Hom ‘𝐷)    &   ⊢ 𝐽 = (Hom ‘𝐸)    &   ⊢ 𝑂 = (comp‘𝐸)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝐷UP𝐸) = (𝑓 ∈ (𝐷 Func 𝐸), 𝑤 ∈ 𝐶 ↦ {⟨𝑥, 𝑚⟩ ∣ ((𝑥 ∈ 𝐵 ∧ 𝑚 ∈ (𝑤𝐽((1st ‘𝑓)‘𝑥))) ∧ ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝐵 ∀𝑔 ∈ (𝑤𝐽((1st ‘𝑓)‘𝑦))∃!𝑘 ∈ (𝑥𝐻𝑦)𝑔 = (((𝑥(2nd ‘𝑓)𝑦)‘𝑘)(⟨𝑤, ((1st ‘𝑓)‘𝑥)⟩𝑂((1st ‘𝑓)‘𝑦))𝑚))})
Theorem	upfval2 48905*	Function value of the class of universal properties. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 24-Sep-2025.)
⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝐷)    &   ⊢ 𝐶 = (Base‘𝐸)    &   ⊢ 𝐻 = (Hom ‘𝐷)    &   ⊢ 𝐽 = (Hom ‘𝐸)    &   ⊢ 𝑂 = (comp‘𝐸)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑊 ∈ 𝐶)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹 ∈ (𝐷 Func 𝐸))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐹(𝐷UP𝐸)𝑊) = {⟨𝑥, 𝑚⟩ ∣ ((𝑥 ∈ 𝐵 ∧ 𝑚 ∈ (𝑊𝐽((1st ‘𝐹)‘𝑥))) ∧ ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝐵 ∀𝑔 ∈ (𝑊𝐽((1st ‘𝐹)‘𝑦))∃!𝑘 ∈ (𝑥𝐻𝑦)𝑔 = (((𝑥(2nd ‘𝐹)𝑦)‘𝑘)(⟨𝑊, ((1st ‘𝐹)‘𝑥)⟩𝑂((1st ‘𝐹)‘𝑦))𝑚))})
Theorem	upfval3 48906*	Function value of the class of universal properties. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 24-Sep-2025.)
⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝐷)    &   ⊢ 𝐶 = (Base‘𝐸)    &   ⊢ 𝐻 = (Hom ‘𝐷)    &   ⊢ 𝐽 = (Hom ‘𝐸)    &   ⊢ 𝑂 = (comp‘𝐸)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑊 ∈ 𝐶)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹(𝐷 Func 𝐸)𝐺)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (⟨𝐹, 𝐺⟩(𝐷UP𝐸)𝑊) = {⟨𝑥, 𝑚⟩ ∣ ((𝑥 ∈ 𝐵 ∧ 𝑚 ∈ (𝑊𝐽(𝐹‘𝑥))) ∧ ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝐵 ∀𝑔 ∈ (𝑊𝐽(𝐹‘𝑦))∃!𝑘 ∈ (𝑥𝐻𝑦)𝑔 = (((𝑥𝐺𝑦)‘𝑘)(⟨𝑊, (𝐹‘𝑥)⟩𝑂(𝐹‘𝑦))𝑚))})
Theorem	isuplem 48907*	Lemma for isup 48908 and other theorems. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 25-Sep-2025.)
⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝐷)    &   ⊢ 𝐶 = (Base‘𝐸)    &   ⊢ 𝐻 = (Hom ‘𝐷)    &   ⊢ 𝐽 = (Hom ‘𝐸)    &   ⊢ 𝑂 = (comp‘𝐸)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑊 ∈ 𝐶)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹(𝐷 Func 𝐸)𝐺)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝑋(⟨𝐹, 𝐺⟩(𝐷UP𝐸)𝑊)𝑀 ↔ ((𝑋 ∈ 𝐵 ∧ 𝑀 ∈ (𝑊𝐽(𝐹‘𝑋))) ∧ ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝐵 ∀𝑔 ∈ (𝑊𝐽(𝐹‘𝑦))∃!𝑘 ∈ (𝑋𝐻𝑦)𝑔 = (((𝑋𝐺𝑦)‘𝑘)(⟨𝑊, (𝐹‘𝑋)⟩𝑂(𝐹‘𝑦))𝑀))))
Theorem	isup 48908*	The predicate "is a universal pair". (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 24-Sep-2025.)
⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝐷)    &   ⊢ 𝐶 = (Base‘𝐸)    &   ⊢ 𝐻 = (Hom ‘𝐷)    &   ⊢ 𝐽 = (Hom ‘𝐸)    &   ⊢ 𝑂 = (comp‘𝐸)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑊 ∈ 𝐶)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹(𝐷 Func 𝐸)𝐺)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ∈ 𝐵)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑀 ∈ (𝑊𝐽(𝐹‘𝑋)))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝑋(⟨𝐹, 𝐺⟩(𝐷UP𝐸)𝑊)𝑀 ↔ ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝐵 ∀𝑔 ∈ (𝑊𝐽(𝐹‘𝑦))∃!𝑘 ∈ (𝑋𝐻𝑦)𝑔 = (((𝑋𝐺𝑦)‘𝑘)(⟨𝑊, (𝐹‘𝑋)⟩𝑂(𝐹‘𝑦))𝑀)))
Theorem	reldmup2 48909	The domain of (𝐷UP𝐸) is a relation. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 16-Oct-2025.)
⊢ Rel dom (𝐷UP𝐸)
Theorem	relup 48910	The set of universal pairs is a relation. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 25-Sep-2025.)
⊢ Rel (𝐹(𝐷UP𝐸)𝑊)
Theorem	uprcl 48911	Reverse closure for the class of universal property. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 25-Sep-2025.)
⊢ 𝐶 = (Base‘𝐸)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝑋 ∈ (𝐹(𝐷UP𝐸)𝑊) → (𝐹 ∈ (𝐷 Func 𝐸) ∧ 𝑊 ∈ 𝐶))
Theorem	uprcl2 48912	Reverse closure for the class of universal property. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 25-Sep-2025.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋(⟨𝐹, 𝐺⟩(𝐷UP𝐸)𝑊)𝑀)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹(𝐷 Func 𝐸)𝐺)
Theorem	uprcl3 48913	Reverse closure for the class of universal property. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 25-Sep-2025.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋(⟨𝐹, 𝐺⟩(𝐷UP𝐸)𝑊)𝑀)    &   ⊢ 𝐶 = (Base‘𝐸)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑊 ∈ 𝐶)
Theorem	uprcl4 48914	Reverse closure for the class of universal property. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 25-Sep-2025.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋(⟨𝐹, 𝐺⟩(𝐷UP𝐸)𝑊)𝑀)    &   ⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝐷)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ∈ 𝐵)
Theorem	uprcl5 48915	Reverse closure for the class of universal property. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 25-Sep-2025.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋(⟨𝐹, 𝐺⟩(𝐷UP𝐸)𝑊)𝑀)    &   ⊢ 𝐽 = (Hom ‘𝐸)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑀 ∈ (𝑊𝐽(𝐹‘𝑋)))
Theorem	isup2 48916*	The universal property of a universal pair. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 24-Sep-2025.)
⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝐷)    &   ⊢ 𝐻 = (Hom ‘𝐷)    &   ⊢ 𝐽 = (Hom ‘𝐸)    &   ⊢ 𝑂 = (comp‘𝐸)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋(⟨𝐹, 𝐺⟩(𝐷UP𝐸)𝑊)𝑀)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝐵 ∀𝑔 ∈ (𝑊𝐽(𝐹‘𝑦))∃!𝑘 ∈ (𝑋𝐻𝑦)𝑔 = (((𝑋𝐺𝑦)‘𝑘)(⟨𝑊, (𝐹‘𝑋)⟩𝑂(𝐹‘𝑦))𝑀))
Theorem	upeu3 48917*	The universal pair ⟨𝑋, 𝑀⟩ from object 𝑊 to functor ⟨𝐹, 𝐺⟩ is essentially unique (strong form) if it exists. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 24-Sep-2025.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐼 = (Iso‘𝐷))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → ⚬ = (⟨𝑊, (𝐹‘𝑋)⟩(comp‘𝐸)(𝐹‘𝑌)))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋(⟨𝐹, 𝐺⟩(𝐷UP𝐸)𝑊)𝑀)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑌(⟨𝐹, 𝐺⟩(𝐷UP𝐸)𝑊)𝑁)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ∃!𝑟 ∈ (𝑋𝐼𝑌)𝑁 = (((𝑋𝐺𝑌)‘𝑟) ⚬ 𝑀))
Theorem	upeu4 48918	Generate a new universal morphism through an isomorphism from an existing universal object, and pair with the codomain of the isomorphism to form a universal pair. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 25-Sep-2025.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐼 = (Iso‘𝐷))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → ⚬ = (⟨𝑊, (𝐹‘𝑋)⟩(comp‘𝐸)(𝐹‘𝑌)))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋(⟨𝐹, 𝐺⟩(𝐷UP𝐸)𝑊)𝑀)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐾 ∈ (𝑋𝐼𝑌))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑁 = (((𝑋𝐺𝑌)‘𝐾) ⚬ 𝑀))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑌(⟨𝐹, 𝐺⟩(𝐷UP𝐸)𝑊)𝑁)
Theorem	oppcup 48919*	The universal pair ⟨𝑋, 𝑀⟩ from a functor to an object is universal from an object to a functor in the opposite category. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 24-Sep-2025.)
⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝐷)    &   ⊢ 𝐶 = (Base‘𝐸)    &   ⊢ 𝐻 = (Hom ‘𝐷)    &   ⊢ 𝐽 = (Hom ‘𝐸)    &   ⊢ ∙ = (comp‘𝐸)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑊 ∈ 𝐶)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹(𝐷 Func 𝐸)𝐺)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ∈ 𝐵)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑀 ∈ ((𝐹‘𝑋)𝐽𝑊))    &   ⊢ 𝑂 = (oppCat‘𝐷)    &   ⊢ 𝑃 = (oppCat‘𝐸)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝑋(⟨𝐹, tpos 𝐺⟩(𝑂UP𝑃)𝑊)𝑀 ↔ ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝐵 ∀𝑔 ∈ ((𝐹‘𝑦)𝐽𝑊)∃!𝑘 ∈ (𝑦𝐻𝑋)𝑔 = (𝑀(⟨(𝐹‘𝑦), (𝐹‘𝑋)⟩ ∙ 𝑊)((𝑦𝐺𝑋)‘𝑘))))
21.49.15.7  Natural transformations and the functor category
Theorem	isnatd 48920*	Property of being a natural transformation; deduction form. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 29-Sep-2025.)
⊢ 𝑁 = (𝐶 Nat 𝐷)    &   ⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝐶)    &   ⊢ 𝐻 = (Hom ‘𝐶)    &   ⊢ 𝐽 = (Hom ‘𝐷)    &   ⊢ · = (comp‘𝐷)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹(𝐶 Func 𝐷)𝐺)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐾(𝐶 Func 𝐷)𝐿)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 Fn 𝐵)    &   ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ 𝐵) → (𝐴‘𝑥) ∈ ((𝐹‘𝑥)𝐽(𝐾‘𝑥)))    &   ⊢ (((𝜑 ∧ (𝑥 ∈ 𝐵 ∧ 𝑦 ∈ 𝐵)) ∧ ℎ ∈ (𝑥𝐻𝑦)) → ((𝐴‘𝑦)(⟨(𝐹‘𝑥), (𝐹‘𝑦)⟩ · (𝐾‘𝑦))((𝑥𝐺𝑦)‘ℎ)) = (((𝑥𝐿𝑦)‘ℎ)(⟨(𝐹‘𝑥), (𝐾‘𝑥)⟩ · (𝐾‘𝑦))(𝐴‘𝑥)))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ (⟨𝐹, 𝐺⟩𝑁⟨𝐾, 𝐿⟩))
Theorem	natrcl2 48921	Reverse closure for a natural transformation. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 1-Oct-2025.)
⊢ 𝑁 = (𝐶 Nat 𝐷)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ (⟨𝐹, 𝐺⟩𝑁⟨𝐾, 𝐿⟩))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹(𝐶 Func 𝐷)𝐺)
Theorem	natrcl3 48922	Reverse closure for a natural transformation. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 1-Oct-2025.)
⊢ 𝑁 = (𝐶 Nat 𝐷)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ (⟨𝐹, 𝐺⟩𝑁⟨𝐾, 𝐿⟩))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐾(𝐶 Func 𝐷)𝐿)
21.49.15.8  Product of categories
Theorem	reldmxpc 48923	The binary product of categories is a proper operator, so it can be used with ovprc1 7452, elbasov 17236, strov2rcl 17237, and so on. See reldmxpcALT 48924 for an alternate proof with less "essential steps" but more "bytes". (Proposed by SN, 15-Oct-2025.) (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 15-Oct-2025.)
⊢ Rel dom ×c
Theorem	reldmxpcALT 48924	Alternate proof of reldmxpc 48923. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 15-Oct-2025.) (Proof modification is discouraged.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ Rel dom ×c
Theorem	elxpcbasex1 48925	A non-empty base set of the product category indicates the existence of the first factor of the product category. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 8-Oct-2025.) (Proof shortened by SN, 15-Oct-2025.)
⊢ 𝑇 = (𝐶 ×c 𝐷)    &   ⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝑇)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ∈ 𝐵)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ V)
Theorem	elxpcbasex1ALT 48926	Alternate proof of elxpcbasex1 48925. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 8-Oct-2025.) (Proof modification is discouraged.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑇 = (𝐶 ×c 𝐷)    &   ⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝑇)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ∈ 𝐵)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ V)
Theorem	elxpcbasex2 48927	A non-empty base set of the product category indicates the existence of the second factor of the product category. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 8-Oct-2025.) (Proof shortened by SN, 15-Oct-2025.)
⊢ 𝑇 = (𝐶 ×c 𝐷)    &   ⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝑇)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ∈ 𝐵)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 ∈ V)
Theorem	elxpcbasex2ALT 48928	Alternate proof of elxpcbasex2 48927. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 8-Oct-2025.) (Proof modification is discouraged.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑇 = (𝐶 ×c 𝐷)    &   ⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝑇)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ∈ 𝐵)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 ∈ V)
Theorem	xpcfucbas 48929	The base set of the product of two categories of functors. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 1-Oct-2025.)
⊢ 𝑇 = ((𝐵 FuncCat 𝐶) ×c (𝐷 FuncCat 𝐸))    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐵 Func 𝐶) × (𝐷 Func 𝐸)) = (Base‘𝑇)
Theorem	xpcfuchomfval 48930*	Set of morphisms of the binary product of categories of functors. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 1-Oct-2025.)
⊢ 𝑇 = ((𝐵 FuncCat 𝐶) ×c (𝐷 FuncCat 𝐸))    &   ⊢ 𝐴 = (Base‘𝑇)    &   ⊢ 𝐾 = (Hom ‘𝑇)    ⇒   ⊢ 𝐾 = (𝑢 ∈ 𝐴, 𝑣 ∈ 𝐴 ↦ (((1st ‘𝑢)(𝐵 Nat 𝐶)(1st ‘𝑣)) × ((2nd ‘𝑢)(𝐷 Nat 𝐸)(2nd ‘𝑣))))
Theorem	xpcfuchom 48931	Set of morphisms of the binary product of categories of functors. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 1-Oct-2025.)
⊢ 𝑇 = ((𝐵 FuncCat 𝐶) ×c (𝐷 FuncCat 𝐸))    &   ⊢ 𝐴 = (Base‘𝑇)    &   ⊢ 𝐾 = (Hom ‘𝑇)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ∈ 𝐴)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑌 ∈ 𝐴)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝑋𝐾𝑌) = (((1st ‘𝑋)(𝐵 Nat 𝐶)(1st ‘𝑌)) × ((2nd ‘𝑋)(𝐷 Nat 𝐸)(2nd ‘𝑌))))
Theorem	xpcfuchom2 48932	Value of the set of morphisms in the binary product of categories of functors. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 1-Oct-2025.)
⊢ 𝑇 = ((𝐵 FuncCat 𝐶) ×c (𝐷 FuncCat 𝐸))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑀 ∈ (𝐵 Func 𝐶))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑁 ∈ (𝐷 Func 𝐸))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑃 ∈ (𝐵 Func 𝐶))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑄 ∈ (𝐷 Func 𝐸))    &   ⊢ 𝐾 = (Hom ‘𝑇)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (⟨𝑀, 𝑁⟩𝐾⟨𝑃, 𝑄⟩) = ((𝑀(𝐵 Nat 𝐶)𝑃) × (𝑁(𝐷 Nat 𝐸)𝑄)))
Theorem	xpcfucco2 48933	Value of composition in the binary product of categories of functors. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 1-Oct-2025.)
⊢ 𝑇 = ((𝐵 FuncCat 𝐶) ×c (𝐷 FuncCat 𝐸))    &   ⊢ 𝑂 = (comp‘𝑇)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹 ∈ (𝑀(𝐵 Nat 𝐶)𝑃))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐺 ∈ (𝑁(𝐷 Nat 𝐸)𝑄))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐾 ∈ (𝑃(𝐵 Nat 𝐶)𝑅))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐿 ∈ (𝑄(𝐷 Nat 𝐸)𝑆))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (⟨𝐾, 𝐿⟩(⟨⟨𝑀, 𝑁⟩, ⟨𝑃, 𝑄⟩⟩𝑂⟨𝑅, 𝑆⟩)⟨𝐹, 𝐺⟩) = ⟨(𝐾(⟨𝑀, 𝑃⟩(comp‘(𝐵 FuncCat 𝐶))𝑅)𝐹), (𝐿(⟨𝑁, 𝑄⟩(comp‘(𝐷 FuncCat 𝐸))𝑆)𝐺)⟩)
Theorem	xpcfuccocl 48934	The composition of two natural transformations is a natural transformation. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 1-Oct-2025.)
⊢ 𝑇 = ((𝐵 FuncCat 𝐶) ×c (𝐷 FuncCat 𝐸))    &   ⊢ 𝑂 = (comp‘𝑇)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹 ∈ (𝑀(𝐵 Nat 𝐶)𝑃))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐺 ∈ (𝑁(𝐷 Nat 𝐸)𝑄))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐾 ∈ (𝑃(𝐵 Nat 𝐶)𝑅))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐿 ∈ (𝑄(𝐷 Nat 𝐸)𝑆))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (⟨𝐾, 𝐿⟩(⟨⟨𝑀, 𝑁⟩, ⟨𝑃, 𝑄⟩⟩𝑂⟨𝑅, 𝑆⟩)⟨𝐹, 𝐺⟩) ∈ ((𝑀(𝐵 Nat 𝐶)𝑅) × (𝑁(𝐷 Nat 𝐸)𝑆)))
Theorem	xpcfucco3 48935*	Value of composition in the binary product of categories of functors; expressed explicitly. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 1-Oct-2025.)
⊢ 𝑇 = ((𝐵 FuncCat 𝐶) ×c (𝐷 FuncCat 𝐸))    &   ⊢ 𝑂 = (comp‘𝑇)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹 ∈ (𝑀(𝐵 Nat 𝐶)𝑃))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐺 ∈ (𝑁(𝐷 Nat 𝐸)𝑄))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐾 ∈ (𝑃(𝐵 Nat 𝐶)𝑅))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐿 ∈ (𝑄(𝐷 Nat 𝐸)𝑆))    &   ⊢ 𝑋 = (Base‘𝐵)    &   ⊢ 𝑌 = (Base‘𝐷)    &   ⊢ · = (comp‘𝐶)    &   ⊢ ∙ = (comp‘𝐸)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (⟨𝐾, 𝐿⟩(⟨⟨𝑀, 𝑁⟩, ⟨𝑃, 𝑄⟩⟩𝑂⟨𝑅, 𝑆⟩)⟨𝐹, 𝐺⟩) = ⟨(𝑥 ∈ 𝑋 ↦ ((𝐾‘𝑥)(⟨((1st ‘𝑀)‘𝑥), ((1st ‘𝑃)‘𝑥)⟩ · ((1st ‘𝑅)‘𝑥))(𝐹‘𝑥))), (𝑦 ∈ 𝑌 ↦ ((𝐿‘𝑦)(⟨((1st ‘𝑁)‘𝑦), ((1st ‘𝑄)‘𝑦)⟩ ∙ ((1st ‘𝑆)‘𝑦))(𝐺‘𝑦)))⟩)
21.49.15.9  Swap functors
Syntax	cswapf 48936	Extend class notation with the class of swap functors.
class swapF
Definition	df-swapf 48937*	Define the swap functor from (𝐶 ×c 𝐷) to (𝐷 ×c 𝐶) by swapping all objects (swapf1 48949) and morphisms (swapf2 48951) . Such functor is called a "swap functor" in https://arxiv.org/pdf/2302.07810 48951 or a "twist functor" in https://arxiv.org/pdf/2508.01886 48951, the latter of which finds its counterpart as "twisting map" in https://arxiv.org/pdf/2411.04102 48951 for tensor product of algebras. The "swap functor" or "twisting map" is often denoted as a small tau 𝜏 in literature. However, the term "twist functor" is defined differently in https://arxiv.org/pdf/1208.4046 48951 and thus not adopted here. tpos I depends on more mathbox theorems, and thus are not adopted here. See dfswapf2 48938 for an alternate definition. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 7-Oct-2025.)
⊢ swapF = (𝑐 ∈ V, 𝑑 ∈ V ↦ ⦋(𝑐 ×c 𝑑) / 𝑠⦌⦋(Base‘𝑠) / 𝑏⦌⦋(Hom ‘𝑠) / ℎ⦌⟨(𝑥 ∈ 𝑏 ↦ ∪ ◡{𝑥}), (𝑢 ∈ 𝑏, 𝑣 ∈ 𝑏 ↦ (𝑓 ∈ (𝑢ℎ𝑣) ↦ ∪ ◡{𝑓}))⟩)
Theorem	dfswapf2 48938*	Alternate definition of swapF (df-swapf 48937). (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 9-Oct-2025.)
⊢ swapF = (𝑐 ∈ V, 𝑑 ∈ V ↦ ⦋(𝑐 ×c 𝑑) / 𝑠⦌⦋(Base‘𝑠) / 𝑏⦌⦋(Hom ‘𝑠) / ℎ⦌⟨(tpos I ↾ 𝑏), (𝑢 ∈ 𝑏, 𝑣 ∈ 𝑏 ↦ (tpos I ↾ (𝑢ℎ𝑣)))⟩)
Theorem	swapfval 48939*	Value of the swap functor. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 7-Oct-2025.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ 𝑈)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 ∈ 𝑉)    &   ⊢ 𝑆 = (𝐶 ×c 𝐷)    &   ⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝑆)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐻 = (Hom ‘𝑆))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐶swapF𝐷) = ⟨(𝑥 ∈ 𝐵 ↦ ∪ ◡{𝑥}), (𝑢 ∈ 𝐵, 𝑣 ∈ 𝐵 ↦ (𝑓 ∈ (𝑢𝐻𝑣) ↦ ∪ ◡{𝑓}))⟩)
Theorem	swapfelvv 48940	A swap functor is an ordered pair. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 7-Oct-2025.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ 𝑈)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 ∈ 𝑉)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐶swapF𝐷) ∈ (V × V))
Theorem	swapf2fvala 48941*	The morphism part of the swap functor. See also swapf2fval 48942. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 7-Oct-2025.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ 𝑈)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 ∈ 𝑉)    &   ⊢ 𝑆 = (𝐶 ×c 𝐷)    &   ⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝑆)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐻 = (Hom ‘𝑆))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (2nd ‘(𝐶swapF𝐷)) = (𝑢 ∈ 𝐵, 𝑣 ∈ 𝐵 ↦ (𝑓 ∈ (𝑢𝐻𝑣) ↦ ∪ ◡{𝑓})))
Theorem	swapf2fval 48942*	The morphism part of the swap functor. See also swapf2fvala 48941. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 7-Oct-2025.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ 𝑈)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 ∈ 𝑉)    &   ⊢ 𝑆 = (𝐶 ×c 𝐷)    &   ⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝑆)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐻 = (Hom ‘𝑆))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐶swapF𝐷) = ⟨𝑂, 𝑃⟩)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑃 = (𝑢 ∈ 𝐵, 𝑣 ∈ 𝐵 ↦ (𝑓 ∈ (𝑢𝐻𝑣) ↦ ∪ ◡{𝑓})))
Theorem	swapf1vala 48943*	The object part of the swap functor. See also swapf1val 48944. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 7-Oct-2025.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ 𝑈)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 ∈ 𝑉)    &   ⊢ 𝑆 = (𝐶 ×c 𝐷)    &   ⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝑆)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (1st ‘(𝐶swapF𝐷)) = (𝑥 ∈ 𝐵 ↦ ∪ ◡{𝑥}))
Theorem	swapf1val 48944*	The object part of the swap functor. See also swapf1vala 48943. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 7-Oct-2025.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ 𝑈)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 ∈ 𝑉)    &   ⊢ 𝑆 = (𝐶 ×c 𝐷)    &   ⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝑆)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐶swapF𝐷) = ⟨𝑂, 𝑃⟩)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑂 = (𝑥 ∈ 𝐵 ↦ ∪ ◡{𝑥}))
Theorem	swapf2fn 48945	The morphism part of the swap functor is a function on the Cartesian square of the base set. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 7-Oct-2025.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ 𝑈)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 ∈ 𝑉)    &   ⊢ 𝑆 = (𝐶 ×c 𝐷)    &   ⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝑆)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐶swapF𝐷) = ⟨𝑂, 𝑃⟩)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑃 Fn (𝐵 × 𝐵))
Theorem	swapf1a 48946	The object part of the swap functor swaps the objects. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 7-Oct-2025.)
⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐶swapF𝐷) = ⟨𝑂, 𝑃⟩)    &   ⊢ 𝑆 = (𝐶 ×c 𝐷)    &   ⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝑆)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ∈ 𝐵)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝑂‘𝑋) = ⟨(2nd ‘𝑋), (1st ‘𝑋)⟩)
Theorem	swapf2vala 48947*	The morphism part of the swap functor swaps the morphisms. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 7-Oct-2025.)
⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐶swapF𝐷) = ⟨𝑂, 𝑃⟩)    &   ⊢ 𝑆 = (𝐶 ×c 𝐷)    &   ⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝑆)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ∈ 𝐵)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑌 ∈ 𝐵)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐻 = (Hom ‘𝑆))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝑋𝑃𝑌) = (𝑓 ∈ (𝑋𝐻𝑌) ↦ ∪ ◡{𝑓}))
Theorem	swapf2a 48948	The morphism part of the swap functor swaps the morphisms. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 7-Oct-2025.)
⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐶swapF𝐷) = ⟨𝑂, 𝑃⟩)    &   ⊢ 𝑆 = (𝐶 ×c 𝐷)    &   ⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝑆)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ∈ 𝐵)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑌 ∈ 𝐵)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐻 = (Hom ‘𝑆))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹 ∈ (𝑋𝐻𝑌))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ((𝑋𝑃𝑌)‘𝐹) = ⟨(2nd ‘𝐹), (1st ‘𝐹)⟩)
Theorem	swapf1 48949	The object part of the swap functor swaps the objects. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 7-Oct-2025.)
⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐶swapF𝐷) = ⟨𝑂, 𝑃⟩)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ∈ (Base‘𝐶))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑌 ∈ (Base‘𝐷))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝑋𝑂𝑌) = ⟨𝑌, 𝑋⟩)
Theorem	swapf2val 48950*	The morphism part of the swap functor swaps the morphisms. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 7-Oct-2025.)
⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐶swapF𝐷) = ⟨𝑂, 𝑃⟩)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ∈ (Base‘𝐶))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑌 ∈ (Base‘𝐷))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑍 ∈ (Base‘𝐶))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑊 ∈ (Base‘𝐷))    &   ⊢ 𝑆 = (𝐶 ×c 𝐷)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐻 = (Hom ‘𝑆))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (⟨𝑋, 𝑌⟩𝑃⟨𝑍, 𝑊⟩) = (𝑓 ∈ (⟨𝑋, 𝑌⟩𝐻⟨𝑍, 𝑊⟩) ↦ ∪ ◡{𝑓}))
Theorem	swapf2 48951	The morphism part of the swap functor swaps the morphisms. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 7-Oct-2025.)
⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐶swapF𝐷) = ⟨𝑂, 𝑃⟩)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ∈ (Base‘𝐶))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑌 ∈ (Base‘𝐷))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑍 ∈ (Base‘𝐶))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑊 ∈ (Base‘𝐷))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹 ∈ (𝑋(Hom ‘𝐶)𝑍))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐺 ∈ (𝑌(Hom ‘𝐷)𝑊))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐹(⟨𝑋, 𝑌⟩𝑃⟨𝑍, 𝑊⟩)𝐺) = ⟨𝐺, 𝐹⟩)
Theorem	swapf1f1o 48952	The object part of the swap functor is a bijection between base sets. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 8-Oct-2025.)
⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐶swapF𝐷) = ⟨𝑂, 𝑃⟩)    &   ⊢ 𝑆 = (𝐶 ×c 𝐷)    &   ⊢ 𝑇 = (𝐷 ×c 𝐶)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ 𝑈)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 ∈ 𝑉)    &   ⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝑆)    &   ⊢ 𝐴 = (Base‘𝑇)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑂:𝐵–1-1-onto→𝐴)
Theorem	swapf2f1o 48953	The morphism part of the swap functor is a bijection between hom-sets. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 8-Oct-2025.)
⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐶swapF𝐷) = ⟨𝑂, 𝑃⟩)    &   ⊢ 𝑆 = (𝐶 ×c 𝐷)    &   ⊢ 𝑇 = (𝐷 ×c 𝐶)    &   ⊢ 𝐻 = (Hom ‘𝑆)    &   ⊢ 𝐽 = (Hom ‘𝑇)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ∈ (Base‘𝐶))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑌 ∈ (Base‘𝐷))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑍 ∈ (Base‘𝐶))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑊 ∈ (Base‘𝐷))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (⟨𝑋, 𝑌⟩𝑃⟨𝑍, 𝑊⟩):(⟨𝑋, 𝑌⟩𝐻⟨𝑍, 𝑊⟩)–1-1-onto→(⟨𝑌, 𝑋⟩𝐽⟨𝑊, 𝑍⟩))
Theorem	swapf2f1oa 48954	The morphism part of the swap functor is a bijection between hom-sets. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 9-Oct-2025.)
⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐶swapF𝐷) = ⟨𝑂, 𝑃⟩)    &   ⊢ 𝑆 = (𝐶 ×c 𝐷)    &   ⊢ 𝑇 = (𝐷 ×c 𝐶)    &   ⊢ 𝐻 = (Hom ‘𝑆)    &   ⊢ 𝐽 = (Hom ‘𝑇)    &   ⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝑆)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ∈ 𝐵)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑌 ∈ 𝐵)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝑋𝑃𝑌):(𝑋𝐻𝑌)–1-1-onto→((𝑂‘𝑋)𝐽(𝑂‘𝑌)))
Theorem	swapf2f1oaALT 48955	Alternate proof of swapf2f1oa 48954. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 8-Oct-2025.) (Proof modification is discouraged.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐶swapF𝐷) = ⟨𝑂, 𝑃⟩)    &   ⊢ 𝑆 = (𝐶 ×c 𝐷)    &   ⊢ 𝑇 = (𝐷 ×c 𝐶)    &   ⊢ 𝐻 = (Hom ‘𝑆)    &   ⊢ 𝐽 = (Hom ‘𝑇)    &   ⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝑆)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ∈ 𝐵)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑌 ∈ 𝐵)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝑋𝑃𝑌):(𝑋𝐻𝑌)–1-1-onto→((𝑂‘𝑋)𝐽(𝑂‘𝑌)))
Theorem	swapfid 48956	Each identity morphism in the source category is mapped to the corresponding identity morphism in the target category. See also swapfida 48957. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 8-Oct-2025.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ Cat)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 ∈ Cat)    &   ⊢ 𝑆 = (𝐶 ×c 𝐷)    &   ⊢ 𝑇 = (𝐷 ×c 𝐶)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐶swapF𝐷) = ⟨𝑂, 𝑃⟩)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ∈ (Base‘𝐶))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑌 ∈ (Base‘𝐷))    &   ⊢ 1 = (Id‘𝑆)    &   ⊢ 𝐼 = (Id‘𝑇)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ((⟨𝑋, 𝑌⟩𝑃⟨𝑋, 𝑌⟩)‘( 1 ‘⟨𝑋, 𝑌⟩)) = (𝐼‘(𝑂‘⟨𝑋, 𝑌⟩)))
Theorem	swapfida 48957	Each identity morphism in the source category is mapped to the corresponding identity morphism in the target category. See also swapfid 48956. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 8-Oct-2025.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ Cat)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 ∈ Cat)    &   ⊢ 𝑆 = (𝐶 ×c 𝐷)    &   ⊢ 𝑇 = (𝐷 ×c 𝐶)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐶swapF𝐷) = ⟨𝑂, 𝑃⟩)    &   ⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝑆)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ∈ 𝐵)    &   ⊢ 1 = (Id‘𝑆)    &   ⊢ 𝐼 = (Id‘𝑇)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ((𝑋𝑃𝑋)‘( 1 ‘𝑋)) = (𝐼‘(𝑂‘𝑋)))
Theorem	swapfcoa 48958	Composition in the source category is mapped to composition in the target. (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ Cat) and (𝜑 → 𝐷 ∈ Cat) can be replaced by a weaker hypothesis (𝜑 → 𝑆 ∈ Cat). (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 8-Oct-2025.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ Cat)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 ∈ Cat)    &   ⊢ 𝑆 = (𝐶 ×c 𝐷)    &   ⊢ 𝑇 = (𝐷 ×c 𝐶)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐶swapF𝐷) = ⟨𝑂, 𝑃⟩)    &   ⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝑆)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ∈ 𝐵)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑌 ∈ 𝐵)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑍 ∈ 𝐵)    &   ⊢ 𝐻 = (Hom ‘𝑆)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑀 ∈ (𝑋𝐻𝑌))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑁 ∈ (𝑌𝐻𝑍))    &   ⊢ · = (comp‘𝑆)    &   ⊢ ∙ = (comp‘𝑇)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ((𝑋𝑃𝑍)‘(𝑁(⟨𝑋, 𝑌⟩ · 𝑍)𝑀)) = (((𝑌𝑃𝑍)‘𝑁)(⟨(𝑂‘𝑋), (𝑂‘𝑌)⟩ ∙ (𝑂‘𝑍))((𝑋𝑃𝑌)‘𝑀)))
Theorem	swapffunc 48959	The swap functor is a functor. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 8-Oct-2025.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ Cat)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 ∈ Cat)    &   ⊢ 𝑆 = (𝐶 ×c 𝐷)    &   ⊢ 𝑇 = (𝐷 ×c 𝐶)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐶swapF𝐷) = ⟨𝑂, 𝑃⟩)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑂(𝑆 Func 𝑇)𝑃)
Theorem	swapfffth 48960	The swap functor is a fully faithful functor. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 8-Oct-2025.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ Cat)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 ∈ Cat)    &   ⊢ 𝑆 = (𝐶 ×c 𝐷)    &   ⊢ 𝑇 = (𝐷 ×c 𝐶)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐶swapF𝐷) = ⟨𝑂, 𝑃⟩)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑂((𝑆 Full 𝑇) ∩ (𝑆 Faith 𝑇))𝑃)
Theorem	swapffunca 48961	The swap functor is a functor. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 9-Oct-2025.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ Cat)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 ∈ Cat)    &   ⊢ 𝑆 = (𝐶 ×c 𝐷)    &   ⊢ 𝑇 = (𝐷 ×c 𝐶)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐶swapF𝐷) ∈ (𝑆 Func 𝑇))
Theorem	swapfiso 48962	The swap functor is an isomorphism between product categories. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 8-Oct-2025.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ Cat)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 ∈ Cat)    &   ⊢ 𝑆 = (𝐶 ×c 𝐷)    &   ⊢ 𝑇 = (𝐷 ×c 𝐶)    &   ⊢ 𝐸 = (CatCat‘𝑈)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑈 ∈ 𝑉)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑆 ∈ 𝑈)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑇 ∈ 𝑈)    &   ⊢ 𝐼 = (Iso‘𝐸)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐶swapF𝐷) ∈ (𝑆𝐼𝑇))
Theorem	swapciso 48963	The product category is categorically isomorphic to the swapped product category. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 8-Oct-2025.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ Cat)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 ∈ Cat)    &   ⊢ 𝑆 = (𝐶 ×c 𝐷)    &   ⊢ 𝑇 = (𝐷 ×c 𝐶)    &   ⊢ 𝐸 = (CatCat‘𝑈)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑈 ∈ 𝑉)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑆 ∈ 𝑈)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑇 ∈ 𝑈)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑆( ≃𝑐 ‘𝐸)𝑇)
21.49.15.10  Transposed curry functors
Theorem	cofuswapfcl 48964	The bifunctor pre-composed with a swap functor is a bifunctor. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 10-Oct-2025.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ Cat)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 ∈ Cat)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹 ∈ ((𝐷 ×c 𝐶) Func 𝐸))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐺 = (𝐹 ∘func (𝐶swapF𝐷)))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐺 ∈ ((𝐶 ×c 𝐷) Func 𝐸))
Theorem	cofuswapf1 48965	The object part of a bifunctor pre-composed with a swap functor. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 9-Oct-2025.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ Cat)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 ∈ Cat)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹 ∈ ((𝐷 ×c 𝐶) Func 𝐸))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐺 = (𝐹 ∘func (𝐶swapF𝐷)))    &   ⊢ 𝐴 = (Base‘𝐶)    &   ⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝐷)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ∈ 𝐴)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑌 ∈ 𝐵)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝑋(1st ‘𝐺)𝑌) = (𝑌(1st ‘𝐹)𝑋))
Theorem	cofuswapf2 48966	The morphism part of a bifunctor pre-composed with a swap functor. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 9-Oct-2025.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ Cat)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 ∈ Cat)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹 ∈ ((𝐷 ×c 𝐶) Func 𝐸))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐺 = (𝐹 ∘func (𝐶swapF𝐷)))    &   ⊢ 𝐴 = (Base‘𝐶)    &   ⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝐷)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ∈ 𝐴)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑌 ∈ 𝐵)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑍 ∈ 𝐴)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑊 ∈ 𝐵)    &   ⊢ 𝐻 = (Hom ‘𝐶)    &   ⊢ 𝐽 = (Hom ‘𝐷)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑀 ∈ (𝑋𝐻𝑍))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑁 ∈ (𝑌𝐽𝑊))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝑀(⟨𝑋, 𝑌⟩(2nd ‘𝐺)⟨𝑍, 𝑊⟩)𝑁) = (𝑁(⟨𝑌, 𝑋⟩(2nd ‘𝐹)⟨𝑊, 𝑍⟩)𝑀))
Theorem	tposcurf1cl 48967	The partially evaluated transposed curry functor is a functor. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 9-Oct-2025.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐺 = (⟨𝐶, 𝐷⟩ curryF (𝐹 ∘func (𝐶swapF𝐷))))    &   ⊢ 𝐴 = (Base‘𝐶)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ Cat)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 ∈ Cat)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹 ∈ ((𝐷 ×c 𝐶) Func 𝐸))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ∈ 𝐴)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐾 = ((1st ‘𝐺)‘𝑋))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐾 ∈ (𝐷 Func 𝐸))
Theorem	tposcurf11 48968	Value of the double evaluated transposed curry functor. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 9-Oct-2025.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐺 = (⟨𝐶, 𝐷⟩ curryF (𝐹 ∘func (𝐶swapF𝐷))))    &   ⊢ 𝐴 = (Base‘𝐶)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ Cat)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 ∈ Cat)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹 ∈ ((𝐷 ×c 𝐶) Func 𝐸))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ∈ 𝐴)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐾 = ((1st ‘𝐺)‘𝑋))    &   ⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝐷)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑌 ∈ 𝐵)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ((1st ‘𝐾)‘𝑌) = (𝑌(1st ‘𝐹)𝑋))
Theorem	tposcurf12 48969	The partially evaluated transposed curry functor at a morphism. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 9-Oct-2025.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐺 = (⟨𝐶, 𝐷⟩ curryF (𝐹 ∘func (𝐶swapF𝐷))))    &   ⊢ 𝐴 = (Base‘𝐶)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ Cat)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 ∈ Cat)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹 ∈ ((𝐷 ×c 𝐶) Func 𝐸))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ∈ 𝐴)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐾 = ((1st ‘𝐺)‘𝑋))    &   ⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝐷)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑌 ∈ 𝐵)    &   ⊢ 𝐽 = (Hom ‘𝐷)    &   ⊢ 1 = (Id‘𝐶)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑍 ∈ 𝐵)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐻 ∈ (𝑌𝐽𝑍))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ((𝑌(2nd ‘𝐾)𝑍)‘𝐻) = (𝐻(⟨𝑌, 𝑋⟩(2nd ‘𝐹)⟨𝑍, 𝑋⟩)( 1 ‘𝑋)))
Theorem	tposcurf1 48970*	Value of the object part of the transposed curry functor. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 9-Oct-2025.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐺 = (⟨𝐶, 𝐷⟩ curryF (𝐹 ∘func (𝐶swapF𝐷))))    &   ⊢ 𝐴 = (Base‘𝐶)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ Cat)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 ∈ Cat)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹 ∈ ((𝐷 ×c 𝐶) Func 𝐸))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ∈ 𝐴)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐾 = ((1st ‘𝐺)‘𝑋))    &   ⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝐷)    &   ⊢ 𝐽 = (Hom ‘𝐷)    &   ⊢ 1 = (Id‘𝐶)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐾 = ⟨(𝑦 ∈ 𝐵 ↦ (𝑦(1st ‘𝐹)𝑋)), (𝑦 ∈ 𝐵, 𝑧 ∈ 𝐵 ↦ (𝑔 ∈ (𝑦𝐽𝑧) ↦ (𝑔(⟨𝑦, 𝑋⟩(2nd ‘𝐹)⟨𝑧, 𝑋⟩)( 1 ‘𝑋))))⟩)
Theorem	tposcurf2 48971*	Value of the transposed curry functor at a morphism. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 10-Oct-2025.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐺 = (⟨𝐶, 𝐷⟩ curryF (𝐹 ∘func (𝐶swapF𝐷))))    &   ⊢ 𝐴 = (Base‘𝐶)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ Cat)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 ∈ Cat)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹 ∈ ((𝐷 ×c 𝐶) Func 𝐸))    &   ⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝐷)    &   ⊢ 𝐻 = (Hom ‘𝐶)    &   ⊢ 𝐼 = (Id‘𝐷)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ∈ 𝐴)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑌 ∈ 𝐴)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐾 ∈ (𝑋𝐻𝑌))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐿 = ((𝑋(2nd ‘𝐺)𝑌)‘𝐾))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐿 = (𝑧 ∈ 𝐵 ↦ ((𝐼‘𝑧)(⟨𝑧, 𝑋⟩(2nd ‘𝐹)⟨𝑧, 𝑌⟩)𝐾)))
Theorem	tposcurf2val 48972	Value of a component of the transposed curry functor natural transformation. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 10-Oct-2025.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐺 = (⟨𝐶, 𝐷⟩ curryF (𝐹 ∘func (𝐶swapF𝐷))))    &   ⊢ 𝐴 = (Base‘𝐶)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ Cat)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 ∈ Cat)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹 ∈ ((𝐷 ×c 𝐶) Func 𝐸))    &   ⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝐷)    &   ⊢ 𝐻 = (Hom ‘𝐶)    &   ⊢ 𝐼 = (Id‘𝐷)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ∈ 𝐴)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑌 ∈ 𝐴)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐾 ∈ (𝑋𝐻𝑌))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐿 = ((𝑋(2nd ‘𝐺)𝑌)‘𝐾))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑍 ∈ 𝐵)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐿‘𝑍) = ((𝐼‘𝑍)(⟨𝑍, 𝑋⟩(2nd ‘𝐹)⟨𝑍, 𝑌⟩)𝐾))
Theorem	tposcurf2cl 48973	The transposed curry functor at a morphism is a natural transformation. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 10-Oct-2025.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐺 = (⟨𝐶, 𝐷⟩ curryF (𝐹 ∘func (𝐶swapF𝐷))))    &   ⊢ 𝐴 = (Base‘𝐶)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ Cat)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 ∈ Cat)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹 ∈ ((𝐷 ×c 𝐶) Func 𝐸))    &   ⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝐷)    &   ⊢ 𝐻 = (Hom ‘𝐶)    &   ⊢ 𝐼 = (Id‘𝐷)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ∈ 𝐴)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑌 ∈ 𝐴)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐾 ∈ (𝑋𝐻𝑌))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐿 = ((𝑋(2nd ‘𝐺)𝑌)‘𝐾))    &   ⊢ 𝑁 = (𝐷 Nat 𝐸)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐿 ∈ (((1st ‘𝐺)‘𝑋)𝑁((1st ‘𝐺)‘𝑌)))
Theorem	tposcurfcl 48974	The transposed curry functor of a functor 𝐹:𝐷 × 𝐶⟶𝐸 is a functor tposcurry (𝐹):𝐶⟶(𝐷⟶𝐸). (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 9-Oct-2025.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐺 = (⟨𝐶, 𝐷⟩ curryF (𝐹 ∘func (𝐶swapF𝐷))))    &   ⊢ 𝑄 = (𝐷 FuncCat 𝐸)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ Cat)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 ∈ Cat)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹 ∈ ((𝐷 ×c 𝐶) Func 𝐸))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐺 ∈ (𝐶 Func 𝑄))
21.49.15.11  Constant functors
Theorem	diag1 48975*	The constant functor of 𝑋. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 17-Oct-2025.)
⊢ 𝐿 = (𝐶Δfunc𝐷)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ Cat)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 ∈ Cat)    &   ⊢ 𝐴 = (Base‘𝐶)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ∈ 𝐴)    &   ⊢ 𝐾 = ((1st ‘𝐿)‘𝑋)    &   ⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝐷)    &   ⊢ 𝐽 = (Hom ‘𝐷)    &   ⊢ 1 = (Id‘𝐶)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐾 = ⟨(𝑦 ∈ 𝐵 ↦ 𝑋), (𝑦 ∈ 𝐵, 𝑧 ∈ 𝐵 ↦ (𝑓 ∈ (𝑦𝐽𝑧) ↦ ( 1 ‘𝑋)))⟩)
Theorem	diag1a 48976*	The constant functor of 𝑋. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 19-Oct-2025.)
⊢ 𝐿 = (𝐶Δfunc𝐷)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ Cat)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 ∈ Cat)    &   ⊢ 𝐴 = (Base‘𝐶)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ∈ 𝐴)    &   ⊢ 𝐾 = ((1st ‘𝐿)‘𝑋)    &   ⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝐷)    &   ⊢ 𝐽 = (Hom ‘𝐷)    &   ⊢ 1 = (Id‘𝐶)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐾 = ⟨(𝐵 × {𝑋}), (𝑦 ∈ 𝐵, 𝑧 ∈ 𝐵 ↦ ((𝑦𝐽𝑧) × {( 1 ‘𝑋)}))⟩)
Theorem	diag1f1lem 48977	The object part of the diagonal functor is 1-1 if 𝐵 is non-empty. Note that (𝜑 → (𝑀 = 𝑁 ↔ 𝑋 = 𝑌)) also holds because of diag1f1 48978 and f1fveq 7264. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 19-Oct-2025.)
⊢ 𝐿 = (𝐶Δfunc𝐷)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ Cat)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 ∈ Cat)    &   ⊢ 𝐴 = (Base‘𝐶)    &   ⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝐷)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ≠ ∅)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ∈ 𝐴)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑌 ∈ 𝐴)    &   ⊢ 𝑀 = ((1st ‘𝐿)‘𝑋)    &   ⊢ 𝑁 = ((1st ‘𝐿)‘𝑌)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝑀 = 𝑁 → 𝑋 = 𝑌))
Theorem	diag1f1 48978	The object part of the diagonal functor is 1-1 if 𝐵 is non-empty. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 19-Oct-2025.)
⊢ 𝐿 = (𝐶Δfunc𝐷)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ Cat)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 ∈ Cat)    &   ⊢ 𝐴 = (Base‘𝐶)    &   ⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝐷)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ≠ ∅)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (1st ‘𝐿):𝐴–1-1→(𝐷 Func 𝐶))
Theorem	diag2f1lem 48979	Lemma for diag2f1 48980. The converse is trivial (fveq2 6886). (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 21-Oct-2025.)
⊢ 𝐿 = (𝐶Δfunc𝐷)    &   ⊢ 𝐴 = (Base‘𝐶)    &   ⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝐷)    &   ⊢ 𝐻 = (Hom ‘𝐶)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ Cat)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 ∈ Cat)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ∈ 𝐴)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑌 ∈ 𝐴)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ≠ ∅)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹 ∈ (𝑋𝐻𝑌))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐺 ∈ (𝑋𝐻𝑌))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (((𝑋(2nd ‘𝐿)𝑌)‘𝐹) = ((𝑋(2nd ‘𝐿)𝑌)‘𝐺) → 𝐹 = 𝐺))
Theorem	diag2f1 48980	If 𝐵 is non-empty, the morphism part of a diagonal functor is injective functions from hom-sets into sets of natural transformations. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 21-Oct-2025.)
⊢ 𝐿 = (𝐶Δfunc𝐷)    &   ⊢ 𝐴 = (Base‘𝐶)    &   ⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝐷)    &   ⊢ 𝐻 = (Hom ‘𝐶)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ Cat)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 ∈ Cat)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ∈ 𝐴)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑌 ∈ 𝐴)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ≠ ∅)    &   ⊢ 𝑁 = (𝐷 Nat 𝐶)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝑋(2nd ‘𝐿)𝑌):(𝑋𝐻𝑌)–1-1→(((1st ‘𝐿)‘𝑋)𝑁((1st ‘𝐿)‘𝑌)))
21.49.15.12  Functor composition bifunctors
Theorem	fucofulem1 48981	Lemma for proving functor theorems. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 25-Sep-2025.)
⊢ (𝜑 → (𝜓 ↔ (𝜒 ∧ 𝜃 ∧ 𝜏)))    &   ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ (𝜃 ∧ 𝜏)) → 𝜂)    &   ⊢ 𝜒    &   ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝜂) → 𝜃)    &   ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝜂) → 𝜏)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝜓 ↔ 𝜂))
Theorem	fucofulem2 48982*	Lemma for proving functor theorems. Maybe consider eufnfv 7231 to prove the uniqueness of a functor. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 25-Sep-2025.)
⊢ 𝐵 = ((𝐷 Func 𝐸) × (𝐶 Func 𝐷))    &   ⊢ 𝐻 = (Hom ‘((𝐷 FuncCat 𝐸) ×c (𝐶 FuncCat 𝐷)))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝐺 ∈ X𝑧 ∈ (𝐵 × 𝐵)(((𝐹‘(1st ‘𝑧))(𝐶 Nat 𝐸)(𝐹‘(2nd ‘𝑧))) ↑m (𝐻‘𝑧)) ↔ (𝐺 = (𝑢 ∈ 𝐵, 𝑣 ∈ 𝐵 ↦ (𝑢𝐺𝑣)) ∧ ∀𝑚 ∈ 𝐵 ∀𝑛 ∈ 𝐵 ((𝑚𝐺𝑛) = (𝑏 ∈ ((1st ‘𝑚)(𝐷 Nat 𝐸)(1st ‘𝑛)), 𝑎 ∈ ((2nd ‘𝑚)(𝐶 Nat 𝐷)(2nd ‘𝑛)) ↦ (𝑏(𝑚𝐺𝑛)𝑎)) ∧ ∀𝑝 ∈ ((1st ‘𝑚)(𝐷 Nat 𝐸)(1st ‘𝑛))∀𝑞 ∈ ((2nd ‘𝑚)(𝐶 Nat 𝐷)(2nd ‘𝑛))(𝑝(𝑚𝐺𝑛)𝑞) ∈ ((𝐹‘𝑚)(𝐶 Nat 𝐸)(𝐹‘𝑛)))))
Theorem	fuco2el 48983	Equivalence of product functor. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 29-Sep-2025.)
⊢ (⟨⟨𝐾, 𝐿⟩, ⟨𝐹, 𝐺⟩⟩ ∈ (𝑆 × 𝑅) ↔ (𝐾𝑆𝐿 ∧ 𝐹𝑅𝐺))
Theorem	fuco2eld 48984	Equivalence of product functor. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 29-Sep-2025.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑊 = (𝑆 × 𝑅))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑈 = ⟨⟨𝐾, 𝐿⟩, ⟨𝐹, 𝐺⟩⟩)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐾𝑆𝐿)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹𝑅𝐺)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑈 ∈ 𝑊)
Theorem	fuco2eld2 48985	Equivalence of product functor. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 29-Sep-2025.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑊 = (𝑆 × 𝑅))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑈 ∈ 𝑊)    &   ⊢ Rel 𝑆    &   ⊢ Rel 𝑅    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑈 = ⟨⟨(1st ‘(1st ‘𝑈)), (2nd ‘(1st ‘𝑈))⟩, ⟨(1st ‘(2nd ‘𝑈)), (2nd ‘(2nd ‘𝑈))⟩⟩)
Theorem	fuco2eld3 48986	Equivalence of product functor. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 29-Sep-2025.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑊 = (𝑆 × 𝑅))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑈 ∈ 𝑊)    &   ⊢ Rel 𝑆    &   ⊢ Rel 𝑅    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ((1st ‘(1st ‘𝑈))𝑆(2nd ‘(1st ‘𝑈)) ∧ (1st ‘(2nd ‘𝑈))𝑅(2nd ‘(2nd ‘𝑈))))
Syntax	cfuco 48987	Extend class notation with functor composition bifunctors.
class ∘F
Definition	df-fuco 48988*	Definition of functor composition bifunctors. Given three categories 𝐶, 𝐷, and 𝐸, (⟨𝐶, 𝐷⟩ ∘F 𝐸) is a functor from the product category of two categories of functors to a category of functors (fucofunc 49030). The object part maps two functors to their composition (fuco11 48997 and fuco11b 49008). The morphism part defines the "composition" of two natural transformations (fuco22 49010) into another natural transformation (fuco22nat 49017) such that a "cube-like" diagram commutes. The naturality property also gives an alternate definition (fuco23a 49023). Note that such "composition" is different from fucco 17981 because they "compose" along different "axes". (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 29-Sep-2025.)
⊢ ∘F = (𝑝 ∈ V, 𝑒 ∈ V ↦ ⦋(1st ‘𝑝) / 𝑐⦌⦋(2nd ‘𝑝) / 𝑑⦌⦋((𝑑 Func 𝑒) × (𝑐 Func 𝑑)) / 𝑤⦌⟨( ∘func ↾ 𝑤), (𝑢 ∈ 𝑤, 𝑣 ∈ 𝑤 ↦ ⦋(1st ‘(2nd ‘𝑢)) / 𝑓⦌⦋(1st ‘(1st ‘𝑢)) / 𝑘⦌⦋(2nd ‘(1st ‘𝑢)) / 𝑙⦌⦋(1st ‘(2nd ‘𝑣)) / 𝑚⦌⦋(1st ‘(1st ‘𝑣)) / 𝑟⦌(𝑏 ∈ ((1st ‘𝑢)(𝑑 Nat 𝑒)(1st ‘𝑣)), 𝑎 ∈ ((2nd ‘𝑢)(𝑐 Nat 𝑑)(2nd ‘𝑣)) ↦ (𝑥 ∈ (Base‘𝑐) ↦ ((𝑏‘(𝑚‘𝑥))(⟨(𝑘‘(𝑓‘𝑥)), (𝑘‘(𝑚‘𝑥))⟩(comp‘𝑒)(𝑟‘(𝑚‘𝑥)))(((𝑓‘𝑥)𝑙(𝑚‘𝑥))‘(𝑎‘𝑥))))))⟩)
Theorem	fucofvalg 48989*	Value of the function giving the functor composition bifunctor. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 7-Oct-2025.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑃 ∈ 𝑈)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (1st ‘𝑃) = 𝐶)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (2nd ‘𝑃) = 𝐷)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐸 ∈ 𝑉)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝑃 ∘F 𝐸) = ⚬ )    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑊 = ((𝐷 Func 𝐸) × (𝐶 Func 𝐷)))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ⚬ = ⟨( ∘func ↾ 𝑊), (𝑢 ∈ 𝑊, 𝑣 ∈ 𝑊 ↦ ⦋(1st ‘(2nd ‘𝑢)) / 𝑓⦌⦋(1st ‘(1st ‘𝑢)) / 𝑘⦌⦋(2nd ‘(1st ‘𝑢)) / 𝑙⦌⦋(1st ‘(2nd ‘𝑣)) / 𝑚⦌⦋(1st ‘(1st ‘𝑣)) / 𝑟⦌(𝑏 ∈ ((1st ‘𝑢)(𝐷 Nat 𝐸)(1st ‘𝑣)), 𝑎 ∈ ((2nd ‘𝑢)(𝐶 Nat 𝐷)(2nd ‘𝑣)) ↦ (𝑥 ∈ (Base‘𝐶) ↦ ((𝑏‘(𝑚‘𝑥))(⟨(𝑘‘(𝑓‘𝑥)), (𝑘‘(𝑚‘𝑥))⟩(comp‘𝐸)(𝑟‘(𝑚‘𝑥)))(((𝑓‘𝑥)𝑙(𝑚‘𝑥))‘(𝑎‘𝑥))))))⟩)
Theorem	fucofval 48990*	Value of the function giving the functor composition bifunctor. Hypotheses fucofval.c and fucofval.d are not redundant (fucofvalne 48996). (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 29-Sep-2025.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ 𝑇)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 ∈ 𝑈)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐸 ∈ 𝑉)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (⟨𝐶, 𝐷⟩ ∘F 𝐸) = ⚬ )    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑊 = ((𝐷 Func 𝐸) × (𝐶 Func 𝐷)))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ⚬ = ⟨( ∘func ↾ 𝑊), (𝑢 ∈ 𝑊, 𝑣 ∈ 𝑊 ↦ ⦋(1st ‘(2nd ‘𝑢)) / 𝑓⦌⦋(1st ‘(1st ‘𝑢)) / 𝑘⦌⦋(2nd ‘(1st ‘𝑢)) / 𝑙⦌⦋(1st ‘(2nd ‘𝑣)) / 𝑚⦌⦋(1st ‘(1st ‘𝑣)) / 𝑟⦌(𝑏 ∈ ((1st ‘𝑢)(𝐷 Nat 𝐸)(1st ‘𝑣)), 𝑎 ∈ ((2nd ‘𝑢)(𝐶 Nat 𝐷)(2nd ‘𝑣)) ↦ (𝑥 ∈ (Base‘𝐶) ↦ ((𝑏‘(𝑚‘𝑥))(⟨(𝑘‘(𝑓‘𝑥)), (𝑘‘(𝑚‘𝑥))⟩(comp‘𝐸)(𝑟‘(𝑚‘𝑥)))(((𝑓‘𝑥)𝑙(𝑚‘𝑥))‘(𝑎‘𝑥))))))⟩)
Theorem	fucoelvv 48991	A functor composition bifunctor is an ordered pair. Enables 1st2ndb 8036. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 29-Sep-2025.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ 𝑇)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 ∈ 𝑈)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐸 ∈ 𝑉)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (⟨𝐶, 𝐷⟩ ∘F 𝐸) = ⚬ )    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ⚬ ∈ (V × V))
Theorem	fuco1 48992	The object part of the functor composition bifunctor. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 29-Sep-2025.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ 𝑇)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 ∈ 𝑈)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐸 ∈ 𝑉)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (⟨𝐶, 𝐷⟩ ∘F 𝐸) = ⟨𝑂, 𝑃⟩)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑊 = ((𝐷 Func 𝐸) × (𝐶 Func 𝐷)))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑂 = ( ∘func ↾ 𝑊))
Theorem	fucof1 48993	The object part of the functor composition bifunctor maps ((𝐷 Func 𝐸) × (𝐶 Func 𝐷)) into (𝐶 Func 𝐸). (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 29-Sep-2025.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ 𝑇)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 ∈ 𝑈)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐸 ∈ 𝑉)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (⟨𝐶, 𝐷⟩ ∘F 𝐸) = ⟨𝑂, 𝑃⟩)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑊 = ((𝐷 Func 𝐸) × (𝐶 Func 𝐷)))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑂:𝑊⟶(𝐶 Func 𝐸))
Theorem	fuco2 48994*	The morphism part of the functor composition bifunctor. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 29-Sep-2025.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ 𝑇)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 ∈ 𝑈)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐸 ∈ 𝑉)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (⟨𝐶, 𝐷⟩ ∘F 𝐸) = ⟨𝑂, 𝑃⟩)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑊 = ((𝐷 Func 𝐸) × (𝐶 Func 𝐷)))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑃 = (𝑢 ∈ 𝑊, 𝑣 ∈ 𝑊 ↦ ⦋(1st ‘(2nd ‘𝑢)) / 𝑓⦌⦋(1st ‘(1st ‘𝑢)) / 𝑘⦌⦋(2nd ‘(1st ‘𝑢)) / 𝑙⦌⦋(1st ‘(2nd ‘𝑣)) / 𝑚⦌⦋(1st ‘(1st ‘𝑣)) / 𝑟⦌(𝑏 ∈ ((1st ‘𝑢)(𝐷 Nat 𝐸)(1st ‘𝑣)), 𝑎 ∈ ((2nd ‘𝑢)(𝐶 Nat 𝐷)(2nd ‘𝑣)) ↦ (𝑥 ∈ (Base‘𝐶) ↦ ((𝑏‘(𝑚‘𝑥))(⟨(𝑘‘(𝑓‘𝑥)), (𝑘‘(𝑚‘𝑥))⟩(comp‘𝐸)(𝑟‘(𝑚‘𝑥)))(((𝑓‘𝑥)𝑙(𝑚‘𝑥))‘(𝑎‘𝑥)))))))
Theorem	fucofn2 48995	The morphism part of the functor composition bifunctor is a function on the Cartesian square of the base set. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 29-Sep-2025.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ 𝑇)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 ∈ 𝑈)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐸 ∈ 𝑉)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (⟨𝐶, 𝐷⟩ ∘F 𝐸) = ⟨𝑂, 𝑃⟩)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑊 = ((𝐷 Func 𝐸) × (𝐶 Func 𝐷)))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑃 Fn (𝑊 × 𝑊))
Theorem	fucofvalne 48996*	Value of the function giving the functor composition bifunctor, if 𝐶 or 𝐷 are not sets. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 7-Oct-2025.)
⊢ (𝜑 → ¬ (𝐶 ∈ V ∧ 𝐷 ∈ V))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐸 ∈ Cat)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (⟨𝐶, 𝐷⟩ ∘F 𝐸) = ⚬ )    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑊 = ((𝐷 Func 𝐸) × (𝐶 Func 𝐷)))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ⚬ ≠ ⟨( ∘func ↾ 𝑊), (𝑢 ∈ 𝑊, 𝑣 ∈ 𝑊 ↦ ⦋(1st ‘(2nd ‘𝑢)) / 𝑓⦌⦋(1st ‘(1st ‘𝑢)) / 𝑘⦌⦋(2nd ‘(1st ‘𝑢)) / 𝑙⦌⦋(1st ‘(2nd ‘𝑣)) / 𝑚⦌⦋(1st ‘(1st ‘𝑣)) / 𝑟⦌(𝑏 ∈ ((1st ‘𝑢)(𝐷 Nat 𝐸)(1st ‘𝑣)), 𝑎 ∈ ((2nd ‘𝑢)(𝐶 Nat 𝐷)(2nd ‘𝑣)) ↦ (𝑥 ∈ (Base‘𝐶) ↦ ((𝑏‘(𝑚‘𝑥))(⟨(𝑘‘(𝑓‘𝑥)), (𝑘‘(𝑚‘𝑥))⟩(comp‘𝐸)(𝑟‘(𝑚‘𝑥)))(((𝑓‘𝑥)𝑙(𝑚‘𝑥))‘(𝑎‘𝑥))))))⟩)
Theorem	fuco11 48997	The object part of the functor composition bifunctor maps two functors to their composition. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 30-Sep-2025.)
⊢ (𝜑 → (⟨𝐶, 𝐷⟩ ∘F 𝐸) = ⟨𝑂, 𝑃⟩)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹(𝐶 Func 𝐷)𝐺)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐾(𝐷 Func 𝐸)𝐿)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑈 = ⟨⟨𝐾, 𝐿⟩, ⟨𝐹, 𝐺⟩⟩)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝑂‘𝑈) = (⟨𝐾, 𝐿⟩ ∘func ⟨𝐹, 𝐺⟩))
Theorem	fuco11cl 48998	The object part of the functor composition bifunctor maps into (𝐶 Func 𝐸). (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 30-Sep-2025.)
⊢ (𝜑 → (⟨𝐶, 𝐷⟩ ∘F 𝐸) = ⟨𝑂, 𝑃⟩)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹(𝐶 Func 𝐷)𝐺)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐾(𝐷 Func 𝐸)𝐿)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑈 = ⟨⟨𝐾, 𝐿⟩, ⟨𝐹, 𝐺⟩⟩)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝑂‘𝑈) ∈ (𝐶 Func 𝐸))
Theorem	fuco11a 48999*	The object part of the functor composition bifunctor maps two functors to their composition, expressed explicitly. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 30-Sep-2025.)
⊢ (𝜑 → (⟨𝐶, 𝐷⟩ ∘F 𝐸) = ⟨𝑂, 𝑃⟩)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹(𝐶 Func 𝐷)𝐺)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐾(𝐷 Func 𝐸)𝐿)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑈 = ⟨⟨𝐾, 𝐿⟩, ⟨𝐹, 𝐺⟩⟩)    &   ⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝐶)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝑂‘𝑈) = ⟨(𝐾 ∘ 𝐹), (𝑥 ∈ 𝐵, 𝑦 ∈ 𝐵 ↦ (((𝐹‘𝑥)𝐿(𝐹‘𝑦)) ∘ (𝑥𝐺𝑦)))⟩)
Theorem	fuco112 49000*	The object part of the functor composition bifunctor maps two functors to their composition, expressed explicitly for the morphism part of the composed functor. (Contributed by Zhi Wang, 3-Oct-2025.)
⊢ (𝜑 → (⟨𝐶, 𝐷⟩ ∘F 𝐸) = ⟨𝑂, 𝑃⟩)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹(𝐶 Func 𝐷)𝐺)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐾(𝐷 Func 𝐸)𝐿)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑈 = ⟨⟨𝐾, 𝐿⟩, ⟨𝐹, 𝐺⟩⟩)    &   ⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝐶)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (2nd ‘(𝑂‘𝑈)) = (𝑥 ∈ 𝐵, 𝑦 ∈ 𝐵 ↦ (((𝐹‘𝑥)𝐿(𝐹‘𝑦)) ∘ (𝑥𝐺𝑦))))